Table 1. Weighted study population, number of miscarriage, miscarriage prevalence and 95% CI of study variables Nepal, 2001–2016 (N = 19160).

		Miscarriage
Study Variables	N	n	% (95% CI)
Confounding variables
Year of survey
2001	7490	369	4.9 (4.3, 5.6)
2006	5980	348	5.8 (5.1, 6.6)
2011	2863	212	7.4 (6.1, 8.9)
2016	2827	283	10.0 (8.8, 11.4)
Type of residence
Urban	2991	270	9.0 (7.8, 10.4)
Rural	16169	942	5.8 (5.4, 6.3)
Ecological zone
Terai	9899	606	6.1 (5.5, 6.8)
Hill	7708	504	6.5 (5.9, 7.3)
Mountain	1553	102	6.5 (5.3, 8.0)
Mother education
Secondary or higher	4433	356	8.0 (7.0, 9.2)
Primary	3288	242	7.4 (6.3, 8.5)
No education	11439	614	5.4 (4.9, 5.9)
Mother's literacy level (N = 19159)
read part or whole of the sentence	8742	643	7.4 (6.7, 8.1)
Cannot read	10417	569	5.5 (4.9, 6.1)
Wealth index
Rich	3521	263	7.5 (6.3, 8.8)
Middle	6969	453	6.5 (5.8, 7.2)
Poor	8670	496	5.7 (5.1, 6.4)
Maternal working status (N = 19159)
Not working	5847	426	7.3 (6.4, 8.3)
Working	13312	786	5.9 (5.4, 6.4)
Mother's current age (years)
15–19	1346	136	10.1 (8.2, 12.4)
20–24	6238	354	5.7 (5.0, 6.5)
25–29	5961	339	5.7 (5.0, 6.5)
30–34	3085	184	6.0 (5.0, 7.1)
35–39	1611	110	6.8 (5.4, 8.5)
≥ 40	919	89	9.7 (7.7, 12.1)
User of contraception
Yes	6627	311	4.7 (4.1, 5.4)
No	12533	901	7.2 (6.6, 7.8)
Maternal tobacco smoking habit
No	15476	966	6.7 (5.7, 7.7)
Yes	3684	246	6.2 (5.7, 6.8)
Exposure variable
Maternal Body Mass Index
Normal	11553	704	6.1 (5.6, 6.6)
Underweight	4419	249	5.6 (4.8, 6.6)
Overweight	2672	204	7.6 (6.5, 8.9)
Obesity	516	55	10.7 (7.6, 14.9)

N = Weighted study population; n = weighted number of miscarriages; CI = Confidence Interval.