Fig. 2.

Estrogen improves cardiomyocyte mitochondrial function. a 17β-estradiol (E2, 100 nM) preserves H₂O₂-disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential and reduces mitochondrial superoxide production in male mouse cardiomyocytes. b Post-ischemic E2 treatment improves mitochondrial membrane potential and decreases mitochondrial superoxide production in male cardiomyocytes subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (sI/R). c E2 treatment preserves mitochondrial membrane potential in female cardiomyocytes in response to H₂O₂ or sI/R. Mean ± SEM, > 25 cardiomyocytes/group/trial and at least four trials were repeated; results analyzed using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons test