Table 3:
Comparison of patients positive for the swirl sign with and without hematoma growth
| Patient Characteristics | Increased Hematoma Volume (n = 65) | Stable/Reduced Hematoma Volume (n = 26) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median) (IQR) (yr) | 71 (63–76) | 66 (55–72) | .06 |
| Male sex (No.) (%) | 25 (38.5) | 11 (42.3) | .81 |
| Time to initial CT (median) (IQR) (hr) | 3 (1.7–6.6) | 4 (2.6–12.7) | .01 |
| Time to second CT (median) (IQR) (hr) | 12 (4.2–23.8) | 26.8 (14.7–36.0) | <.001 |
| Initial hematoma volume (median) (IQR) (mL) | 24 (12.2–49.6) | 21.6 (10.3–38.5) | .37 |
| PMHx (No.) (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 46 (70.7) | 21 (80.8) | .43 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 17 (26.2) | 6 (23.8) | 1.00 |
| Statin use | 22 (33.9) | 6 (23.8) | .45 |
| Diabetes | 16 (24.6) | 5 (19.2) | .78 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 15 (23.1) | 3 (11.5) | .26 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 23 (35.4) | 3 (11.5) | .018 |
| Previous stroke | |||
| Transient ischemic attack | 3 (4.6) | 1 (3.9) | 1.00 |
| Ischemic stroke (n = 207) | 8 (12.3) | 3 (11.5) | 1.00 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 3 (4.6) | 1 (3.9) | 1.00 |
| Anticoagulant (No.) (%) | |||
| Warfarin | 22 (33.9) | 1 (3.9) | .003 |
| Antiplatelet | 22 (33.9) | 6 (23.8) | .45 |
| GCS on presentation (median) (IQR) | 14 (9.8–14) | 13 (11–14) | .13 |
| INR (median) (IQR) | 1.2 (1.0–1.8) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | .01 |
| Radiologic (No.) (%) | |||
| Location supratentorial | 55 (84.6) | 23 (88.5) | .75 |
| IV extension | 17 (26.2) | 11 (42.3) | .35 |
| Midline shift | 33 (50.8) | 18 (69.2) | .16 |
Note:—GCS indicates Glasgow Coma Scale; PMHx, past medical history; IV, intraventricular; INR, international normalized ratio.