Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and short-term morbidities across GMs trajectories.
| Demographic features | N-N (n = 128) | PR-N (n = 17) | N-PR (n = 12) | PR-PR (n = 50) | PR-CS (n = 5) | CS-CS (n = 4) | p.value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age at birth (weeks), mean ± SD | 30.0 (2.1) | 28.4 (2.1) | 29.6 (1.6) | 28.1 (2.2) | 27.5 (1.7) | 27.6 (3.2) | < 0.001a |
| Birth weight (g), mean ± SD | 1,188 (236) | 1,006 (230) | 1,117 (258) | 996 (289) | 954 (391) | 1,030 (333) | < 0.001a |
| Male, n (%) | 49 (38) | 6 (35) | 8 (67) | 29 (58) | 3 (60) | 2 (50) | 0.035c |
| Twins, n (%) | 60 (47) | 9 (53) | 3 (25) | 27 (55) | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0.298c |
| Monochorionic twins, n(%) | 28 (47) | 6 (67) | 2 (67) | 8 (30) | 1 (100) | 0 (100) | 0.164c |
| Apgar score at 1’, median (range) | 7 (1–9) | 7 (2–8) | 8 (4–9) | 6 (2–9) | 5 (3–7) | 4 (1–6) | < 0.001b |
| Apgar score at 5’, median (range) | 8 (5–10) | 8 (5–9) | 9 (6–10) | 8 (6–10) | 7 (6–8) | 8 (3–9) | 0.032b |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 115 (91) | 13 (76) | 9 (75) | 46 (94) | 5 (100) | 4 (100) | 0.060c |
| Small for gestational age, n (%) | 27 (21) | 2 (12) | 2 (17) | 10 (20) | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0.882c |
| Days of hospitalization, median (IQr) | 55 (44; 70) |
72 (56; 84) |
68 (59; 84) | 99 (54; 127) | 92 (79; 99) | 96 (78; 147) | < 0.001b |
| Severe brain lesion, n (%) | 5 (4) | 2 (12) | 2 (17) | 11 (22) | 5 (100) | 4 (100) | < 0.001c |
| Other comorbidities, n (%) | 20 (16) | 4 (24) | 3 (25) | 23 (46) | 3 (60) | 3 (75) | < 0.001c |
| Maternal age, mean ± SD | 35.0 (5.3) | 32.1 (6.7) | 33.2 (7.5) |
34.8 (6.7) |
36.8 (4.1) | 30.3 (5.7) | 0.237a |
Persistence of normal pattern (N-N), early poor repertoire followed by a normal pattern (PR-N), early normal followed by a poor repertoire pattern (N-PR), persistence of poor repertoire pattern (PR-PR), early poor repertoire followed by cramped synchronized pattern (PR-CS), persistence of cramped synchronized pattern (CS-CS).
aOne way ANOVA.
bKruskal Wallis test.
cFisher’s exact test.