Table 1.
Language Assessment.
| Subject P | Reference value a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LNE1 | LNE2 | LNE3 | LNE4 | Mean | SD | |
| Primary Outcome Measures | ||||||
| Aphasia Quotient- Western Aphasia Battery Revised (WAB-R AQ) | 78.4* | 92.6 | 95.8 | 94.2 | 95.13 | 2.73 |
| Information Content | 8* | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 |
| Fluency | 8* | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 |
| Comprehension | 8.5 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10 | 9.01 | 0.78 |
| Repetition | 8 | 9 | 9.2 | 9 | 9.31 | 0.91 |
| Naming | 6.7* | 7.6* | 8.8 | 8.1 | 9.24 | 0.72 |
| Secondary Outcome Measures | ||||||
| Snodgrass and Vanderwart Object Pictorial Set (SVOPS) | 138* | 167* | 220 | 211* | 232.86 | 10.48 |
| Nombela 2.0 Semantic Battery (NSB) | ||||||
| Picture Naming | 23* | 39 | 51 | 53 | 44.29 | 9.64 |
| Semantic Fluency | 56* | 79 | 102 | 79 | 136.71 | 35.4 |
| Word-Picture Matching | 29* | 32 | 35 | 34 | 36.67 | 2.73 |
| Boston Naming Test (BNT)1 | 23* | 31* | 52 | 40 | 46.41b | 4.4b |
| Peabody: Picture Vocabulary Test III (PPVT-III)2 | 2 | 42 | 63 | 39 | Standard scores† | |
| Token Test (Shortened version) (TT-sv)3 | <5 | 95 | 50 | 70 | Standard scores† | |
|
Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia (PALPA) |
||||||
| Repetition: Nonwords (PALPA-8) | 16* | 22 | 24 | 23 | 23.42 | 0.79 |
| Repetition: Imageability x Frequency (PALPA-9) | 147* | 160 | – | – | 160 | 0.00 |
| Repetition: Sentences (PALPA-12) | 26* | 23* | 28* | – | 35.14 | 0.69 |
| Reading: Visual Lexical Decision (PALPA-25) | 138* | 142* | 138* | – | 151.43 | 3.03 |
| Reading: Grammatical Class (PALPA-32) | 76* | 75* | 72* | – | 80 | 0 |
| Reading: Nonwords (PALPA-36) | 20* | 19* | 19* | – | 23.86 | 0.38 |
| Reading: Sentences (PALPA-37) | 33* | 24* | 32* | – | 36 | 0 |
| Semantics: Spoken Word-Picture Matching (PALPA-47) | 36* | 37 | 39 | – | 38.14 | 0.69 |
| Semantics: Written Word-Picture Matching (PALPA-48) | 35* | 40* | 38 | – | 38.28 | 0.76 |
| Semantics: Spoken Word-Written Word Match (PALPA-52) | 33* | 32* | 34 | – | 36.80 | 1.64 |
| Semantics: Picture Naming (PALPA-53) | 29* | 34* | 36 | 38 | 38.20 | 1.30 |
| Semantics: Picture Naming x Frequency (PALPA-54) | 53* | 55* | 55* | – | 58.85 | 1.07 |
| Spoken Sentence-Picture Matching (PALPA-55) | 48* | 52 | 53 | 53 | 56.28 | 2.69 |
| Written Sentence-Picture Matching (PALPA-56) | 46* | 48* | 53 | 52 | 55.14 | 2.54 |
| Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) | 9 | 23 | 15 | 17 | 24.14 | 7.97 |
Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences at p < 0.05. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-tailed Crawford’s t-tests in all cases except for tests marked with†. No statistical comparisons were needed for these tests since standardized scores provide a framework for comparing subject P’s performance against normative data. aReference values represent the mean scores and standard deviations (SD) of the control group, except for b, that represents the normative mean scores and SDs provided by the test, and †, that refers to normative data. †The numbers in each evaluation are the percentiles corresponding to the raw score obtained by subject P. Underlined scores are bellow two SD of the normative mean. Normative data were obtained from: 1Halperin et al. (1989), 2Dunn et al. (2006), and 3Olabarrieta-Landa et al. (2017).