Alda-1 pretreatment inhibits the inflammatory response. (A) Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of HMGB1 and TLR4 in liver tissues after 6 and 24 h of reperfusion. Relative expression was normalized against the β-actin loading control. Densitometric semi-quantification of (B) HMGB1 and (C) TLR4 protein expression levels from part. (A) mRNA expression levels of (D) HMGB1, (E) TLR4, (F) IFN-γ, (G) IL-1β, (H) IL-6 and (I) TNF-α after 6 and 24 h of reperfusion. Serum levels of (J) IL-1β, (K) IL-6 and (L) TNF-α after 6 and 24 h of reperfusion. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. n=6. *P<0.05 vs. the sham group; #P<0.05 vs. the IR group; $P<0.05 vs. the IR-Daidzin group. RP, reperfusion; HMGB1, high mobility group box 1; TLR4, toll-like receptor 4; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IR, ischemia/reperfusion.