. 2020 Jul 29;2020:1048283. doi: 10.1155/2020/1048283

Table 3.

Prevalence and prevalence ratio of iron deficiency in nonpregnant and pregnant women stratified by age group and pregnancy trimester.

Group	ID
Group	N	n	Prevalence, % (95% CI)	PR (95% CI)
Total
NPW in fertile age^a	3500	2553	72.9 (71.4–74.4)	1 (reference)
Pregnant women	1125	1066	94.8 (93.3–96.0)	1.30 (1.27–1.33)^∗∗∗
1st trimester	41	36	87.8 (73.8–95.9)	1.20 (1.07–1.35)^∗∗
2nd trimester	633	588	92.9 (90.6–94.8)	1.27 (1.24–1.31)^∗∗∗
3rd trimester	451	442	98.0 (96.2–99.1)	1.34 (1.31–1.38)^∗∗∗

18–26 years		3
NPW in fertile age^a	870	679	78.0 (75.1–80.8)	1 (reference)
Pregnant women	203	195	96.1 (92.4–98.3)	1.23 (1.18–1.29)^∗∗∗
1st trimester	10	10	100 (69.2–100)	1.28 (1.24–1.33)^∗∗∗
2nd trimester	117	110	94.0 (88.1–97.6)	1.21(1.14–1.28)^∗∗∗
3rd trimester	76	75	98.7 (92.9–100)	1.26 (1.21–1.32)^∗∗∗

27–35 years
NPW in fertile age^a	1285	932	72.5 (70.0–75.0)	1 (reference)
Pregnant women	723	682	94.3 (92.4–95.9)	1.30 (1.25–1.35)^∗∗∗
1st trimester	23	19	82.6 (61.2–95.0)	1.14 (0.94–1.38)
2nd trimester	414	383	92.5 (89.5–94.9)	1.28 (1.22–1.33)^∗∗∗
3rd trimester	286	280	97.9 (95.5–99.2)	1.35 (1.30–1.40)^∗∗∗

36–44 years
NPW in fertile age^a	1345	942	70.0 (67.5–72.5)	1 (reference)
Pregnant women	199	189	95.0 (91.0–97.6)	1.36 (1.30–1.42)^∗∗∗
1st trimester	8	7	87.5 (47.3–99.7)	1.25 (0.96–1.63)
2nd trimester	102	95	93.1 (86.4–97.2)	1.33 (1.25–1.42)^∗∗∗
3rd trimester	89	87	97.8 (92.1–99.7)	1.40 (1.33–1.46)^∗∗∗

CI; confidence interval; ID, iron deficiency; N, total number of participants; n, number of participants with iron deficiency; NPW, nonpregnant women; PR, prevalence ratio. ^aSubgroups of nonpregnant women matched to the same age groups of the pregnant women. ^∗∗p value <0.01, ^∗∗∗p value <0.001; Wald chi-square test. Nonpregnant women ≤51 years versus >51 years.