Table 1.
Univariate analyses of patient and procedural factors associated with sedation‐related complications
| Hypoxic events | Bradycardic events | Hypotensive events | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypoxia | No hypoxia | P value | Bradycardia | No bradycardia | P value | Hypotension | No hypotension | P value | |
| Age (years) † | 70.5 ± 11.7 (58–85) | 72.5 ± 11 (43–93) | 0.71 | 74.3 ± 4.8 (72–80) | 71.8 ± 11.3 (43–93) | 0.63 | 70.1 ± 10.2 (45–84) | 73.2 ± 11.4 (43–93) | 0.46 |
| Gender | 0.63 | 1 | 0.52 | ||||||
| Male | 1 (5%) ‡ | 19 (95%) | 2 (10%) | 18 (90%) | 9 (45%) | 11 (55%) | |||
| Female | 3 (10.7%) | 25 (89.3%) | 2 (7.1%) | 26 (92.9%) | 10 (35.7%) | 18 (64.3%) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) † | 30.5 ± 3.4 (27–36) | 26 ± 6.4 (15–48) | 0.07 | 26 ± 2.6 (23–27) | 26.6 ± 6.8 (15–48) | 0.89 | 29.2 ± 8.4 (15–48) | 24.6 ± 4.2 (17–34) | 0.04 |
| ASA classification | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.89 | ||||||
| I | 0 (0) | 4 (100) | 0 (0) | 4 (100) | 1 (25) | 3 (75) | |||
| II | 2 (10) | 18 (90) | 1 (5) | 19 (95) | 7 (35) | 13 (65) | |||
| III | 1 (5.3) | 18 (94.7) | 2 (10.5) | 17 (89.5) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | |||
| IV | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | |||
| Procedure | 0.66 | 0.59 | 0.47 | ||||||
| Zenker's diverticulotomy | 4 (11.4%) | 31 (88.6%) | 2 (5.7%) | 33 (94.3%) | 15 (42.9%) | 20 (57.1%) | |||
| Dilatation | 0 (0%) | 6 (100%) | 1 (16.7%) | 5 (83.3%) | 3 (50%) | 3 (50%) | |||
| Botox injection | 0 (0%) | 5 (100%) | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | |||
| Dilatation and Botox | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | |||
| Duration of Endoscopy (min) † | 17.5 ± 5 (10–20) | 19.5 ± 6.7 (10–30) | 0.79 | 14 ± 2.7 (10–16) | 19.8 ± 6.6 (10–30) | 0.08 | 19.4 ± 5.7 (10–30) | 19.3 ± 7.7 (10–30) | 0.86 |
| Recovery time (min) † | 4.8 ± 2.5 (2–8) | 5.1 ± 3.2 (1–10) | 0.83 | 4.5 ± 2.1 (2–5) | 5.1 ± 3.2 (1–10) | 0.78 | 5.4 ± 2.4 (2–10) | 4.8 ± 3.5 (1–8) | 0.30 |
| Propofol dose (mg) † | 94.8 ± 49.1 (41–158) | 129.6 ± 96.2 (0–445) | 0.58 | 101.5 ± 88 (47–66) | 129 ± 94.5 (0–445) | 0.48 | 129.1 ± 81.4 (41–316) | 125.1 ± 101.8 (0–445) | 0.68 |
| Remifentanil dose (mcg) † | 155.5 ± 34.3 (109–186) | 191.6 ± 120.4 (0–421) | 0.72 | 135 ± 21.7 (110–148) | 192.2 ± 118.8 (0–421) | 0.42 | 208 ± 128.7 (0–337) | 175.4 ± 106.6 (0–421) | 0.35 |
| Procedure difficulty score | 0.017 | 0.041 | 0.072 | ||||||
| I | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) | |||
| II | 0 (0%) | 15 (100%) | 1 (6.7%) | 14 (93.3%) | 9 (60% | 6 (40%) | |||
| III | 4 (13.8%) | 25 (86.2%) | 3 (10.3%) | 26 (89.7%) | 9 (31%) | 20 (69%) | |||
†
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation.
‡
The significane represents frequency (percent).