Table 4.

Antifungal activities, MIC ^a (μg/mL), of oleoresin essential oils of Liquidambar formosana and major essential oil components.

Essential Oil Sample	Molds						Yeast
	Aspergillus Fumigatus	Aspergillus Niger	Microsporum Canis	Microsporum Gypseum	Trichophyton Mentagrophytes	Trichophyton Rubrum	Candida Albicans
LD190910C	156	313	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910D	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910E	156	156	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910F	156	313	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910G	156	313	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910H	156	78	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910I	156	313	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910J	156	156	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910K	156	156	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910L	156	313	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910M	156	156	313	313	156	313	313
LD190910N	156	78	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910O	156	78	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910P	156	156	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910Q	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910R	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910S	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910T	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910U	156	156	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910V	156	156	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910W	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
LD190910X	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
Re190401A	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
Re190401D	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
Re190401E	156	313	156	313	156	313	313
Pure Compounds
(E)-Caryophyllene	156	1250	313	313	625	313	156
(+)-α-Pinene	156	78	313	156	156	313	156
(–)-α-Pinene	313	156	313	313	313	313	156
(–)-β-Pinene	156	78	313	313	156	313	156
Camphene	313	156	313	313	625	313	156
(+)-Limonene	156	156	313	313	313	313	156
(–)-Limonene	156	156	313	156	156	313	156
Amphotericin B	<19.5	<19.5	<19.5	<19.5	<19.5	<19.5	<19.5

^a Minimum inhibitory concentration.