Table 1.

Characteristics and symptom prevalence of 105 patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 with or without new-onset STD

Characteristics	STD	No STD	P value
Patients (n: 105)	78 (74.3%)	27 (25.7%)
Gender (women/men)	37/41	5/22	.011
Age (years: mean ± SD)	53.7 (± 11.8)	63.5 (± 13.5)	.001
BMI	26.8 (± 4.5)	26.2 (± 3.6)	NS
Current smoker (number)	3 (3.8%)	1 (3.7%)	NS
Management of SARS-CoV-2 infection			NS
Quarantine at domicile (n = 26)	21 (26.9%)	5 (18.5%)
Hospitalization in ward only (n = 66)	46 (59%)	20 (74.1%)
Hospitalization in intensive care unit (n = 13)	11 (14.1%)	2 (7.4%)
SNOT-22 total score	40.1 (± 22.2)	16.8 (± 14)	.000
Nasal symptoms (items 1–4, 6–7)	6.6 (± 6.9)	2.2 (± 3.2)	.000
Associated neurological features	71 (91%)	19 (70%)	.008
Headache	52 (66.7%)	8 (29.7%)	.001 m
Altered trigeminal sensation	41 (52.6%)	2 (7.4%)	.000 m
Balance impairment	39 (50%)	6 (22.2%)	.012
Dysphonia	39 (50%)	7 (25.9%)	.030 w
Walking disturbances	38 (48.7%)	8 (29.6%)	NS
Dizziness	34 (43.6%)	5 (18.5)	.020
Mild confusion	34 (43.6%)	5 (18.5%)	.020
Tingling sensations	28 (35.9%)	3 (11.1%)	.015
Tremor	26 (33.3%)	7 (25.9%)	NS
Visual disturbances	25 (32.1)	3 (11.1%)	.034
Hearing impairment	24 (30.8%)	5 (18.5%)	NS
Reduced sensation	23 (29.5%)	2 (7.4%)	.020
Language disturbances	14 (17.9%)	1 (3.7%)	NS
Fainting/syncope	13 (16.7%)	1 (3.7%)	NS
Convulsions	2 (2.7%)	0 (0%)	NS

Between-group comparisons were performed by the Chi-squared test for categorical variables and with the T test for continuous variables. Nested Chi-squared test was used to assess gender influence on significant associations. Significant level (p < .05). Gender influence: ^m, men with STD had higher prevalence of this feature; ^w, women with STD had higher prevalence of this feature

BMI body mass index, NS not significant, SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SNOT-22 sino-nasal test 22, STD smell and taste dysfunction