Unsaturation indices of control and heat-treated diacyl lipid species from leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana. Unsaturation indices indicate the average number of double bonds per acyl chain in each lipid class, calculated as described in Materials and Methods. Comparisons were made at the 16 h time point for control plants (Path 1, orange bars), plants treated for 12 h at 38 °C followed by 4 h at 45 °C (Path 2, green), and 12 h at 21 °C followed by 4 h at 45 °C (Path 3, lavender). Asterisks indicate significant differences from that of the Path 1 control plants (p < 0.05) by one-way ANOVA, with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, adjusted for FDR. Triangles indicate that a Path 3 value is significantly different than a Path 2 value. Error bars indicate standard deviation.