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. 2020 Jul 31;11:956. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00956

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Copyright © 2020 Zhang, Zhang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Quercetin’s prohibitive effective to xanthine oxidase. Xanthine oxidase is a homodimer, and it is also a major source of ROS. Xanthine oxidase catalyzes hypoxanthine/xanthine into xanthine/uric acid, and xanthine oxidase itself turns into reduced form. Afterward, xanthine oxidase (reduced form) catalyzes O₂ into O₂^⋅– and H₂O₂. Quercetin can inhibit the O₂^⋅– generation induced by xanthine oxidase, and this effect is associated with the reduced form of xanthine oxidase by a ping-pong mechanism.