Figure 1.

Structures of prototypical antimicrobial peptides, cytokines/chemokines, and amyloids. LL37 (22) and human β-defensin 2 (23) are canonical α-helical and β-sheet AMPs, respectively. CXCL4 (24) and IL-26 [homology model shown based on IL-19 (25)] are representative immune signaling molecules that also have known direct antimicrobial properties. Amyloid β (26) and α-synuclein (27) are the amyloids implicated in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The monomeric structures were taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and visualized in Chimera (UCSF).