Table 1.

Advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic and open PD (adapted from 14)

	Open	Minimally Invasive
Advantages	Standard and well-known	Reduced blood loss
	Operative Time	Reduced pain
	Operative Cost	Reduced wound complications
	Established training	Reduced hospital stay
	Tactile Feedback	More rapid recovery
		Magnified view
		Computer enhanced motion
Disadvantages	Blood loss	New approach
	Incisional pain	Increased operating time
	Wound morbidity	Equipment cost
	Hospital Stay	Loss of haptic feedback
	Recovery time	Lack of training opportunities