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. 2020 Aug 7;10:23. doi: 10.1186/s13395-020-00239-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Force and relaxation measurement in LRMD dogs at 4 and 6 months of age. Histograms represent mean value ± SD of healthy (white), GRMD (grey) or LRMD (black) populations. The black symbols represent the individual values of the two LRMD dogs studied (2 pelvic limbs measured for each animal). a Relative maximal tetanic force, at 4 and 6 months of age, obtained after normalisation by the leg length in order to account for differences in dog size. Muscle force was decreased in LRMD dogs compared to healthy dogs, and it was slightly reduced compared with GRMD dogs. b Post-tetanic residual contraction as a percentage of the tetanic force at 4 and 6 months of age, was measured by normalising the difference between pre- and post-tetanic baselines by the maximal tetanic force. An incomplete relaxation after a tetanic stimulation was observed in LRMD dogs as well as in GRMD dogs, with an increase of this relaxation defect with age