Figure 5.

Levels of interleukin-6 in Raw246.7 macrophage cells. (A) Raw246.7 macrophage cells were infected with the parental Pru, PruΔgra15, PruΔgra14, and GRA14 complemented parasite strains. (B) Raw246.7 macrophage cells were infected with the parental Pru, PruΔgra7, and GRA7 complemented parasite strains. (A,B) At 24 h post-infection, supernatants were collected and IL-6 levels were determined by cytokine ELISA. These experiments were performed three times using triplicate samples. Values are the means ± SD of triplicate samples, * indicates a significant difference (*p < 0.05). #a significantly lower level of IL-6 compared with the Pru strain infected cells (p < 0.05). Differences were tested by one-way ANOVA with turkey's post-hoc test. Experiments for PruΔgra14 and the complemented lines were performed in tandem with PruΔgra15, and experiments for PruΔgra7 and the complemented lines were performed independently.