Table 3.
Dissection Findings - the important structures traversed by, or in the vicinity of block needle in the four approaches
| Approaches | LICF (Structures traversed) | LICF (Structures in vicinity) | CML (Structures traversed) | CML (Structures in vicinity) | CLM (Structures traversed) | CLM (Structures in vicinity) | R (Structures traversed) | R (Structures in vicinity) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP | Cephalic Vein (1) | Dorsal-cephalic vein (3) Suprascapular artery (1) |
None | None | None | Cephalad-Cephalic vein (4) Dorsal-Suprascapular nerve (1) Supraclavicular nerve (1) |
None | None |
| MP | None | Medial - TAA or its branches (3) Ventral-TAA or its branches (5) Dorsal-TAA or its branches (1) Subclavian vein (1) Upper subscapular nerve and thoracodorsal nerve (1) |
None | Medial-TAA origin or its branches (6) Cephalic vein (1) Suprascapular artery and vein (1) Lateral-TAA or its branches (2) Cephalic vein (1) Caudad-Cephalic vein (1) |
None | Medial-TAA or its branches (2) Lateral-TAA or its branches (2) Ventral-TAA or its branches (6) Dorsal-Nerve to subclavius (1) Caudad-TAA or its branches (1) |
Nerve to subclavius (1) Branch of TAA (1) |
Medial-Suprascapular artery and vein (4) Dorsal scapular artery and superficial cervical artery (2) Suprascapular nerve (2) Ventral-Suprascapular artery and vein (3) Nerve to subclavius (4) TAA or its branches (2) Dorsal-TAA or its branches (1) Suprascapular nerve (1) |
| TP | None | Medial-origin of TAA (3) Ventral-Axillary artery and axillary vein (10) TAA branches (2)Venae commitantes to axillary vein (1) |
None | Medial and ventral-TAA or its branches (1) Medial-Axillary artery and vein (5) Lateral-TAA or its branches (2) Dorsal and medial-Dorsal scapular artery (1) |
None | Ventral-Axillary artery and vein (4) Cephalic vein draining into axillary vein (1) Dorsal-Axillary artery and vein (1) Caudad-Axillary artery and vein (1) |
None | Medial-TAA or its branches (1) Lateral-TAA or its branches (1) Ventral-Axillary artery and axillary vein (7) |
The number in brackets ( ) depicts the number of cadavers in which the neurovascular structure was in the vicinity or traversed. LICF – Lateral infraclavicular fossa approach, CML – Costoclavicular medial to lateral approach, CLM – Costoclavicular lateral to medial approach, R – Retroclavicular approach; TAA – Thoracoabdominal artery