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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Res Sci Educ. 2017 Nov 21;49(6):1783–1808. doi: 10.1007/s11165-017-9675-6

Table 3.

Standardized scores separated by transition path

Standardized score for the initially low– achieving group by transition Pattern (N=251)

Retained in low-achieving Moved to high-achieving

Mean Std. Dev. Sample size Mean Std. Dev. Sample size Difference of moved compared to retained
Pre-test −.734 1.144 84 −.259 1.300 167 .475
Post-test −.272 .513 84 .673 .554 167 .945

Difference .462 .932
Standardized score for the initially high– achieving group by transition pattern (N=57)

Moved to low-achieving Retained in high-achieving

Mean Std. Dev. Sample size Mean Std. Dev. Sample size Difference of moved compared to retained
Pre-test −.067 .485 7 .327 .416 50 .394
Post-test .069 .265 7 1.038 .480 50 .969

Difference .136 .711