Table 6.
Attrition, adverse events and compliance (as reported in individual studies).
| Study | N Attrition; % on N participants; (reasons) | N Adverse events; % on N participants; (details) | Compliance (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arkin (Kuiack et al., 2004) | 3; 12 | 2; 8; (serious injuries not related to the project) | 100 |
| Binder (Hawley-Hague et al., 2016) | 9; 26; (Eight participants refused to perform the exercises, and 1 revoked consent) | None; 0 | 75 |
| Bossers (Steinberg et al., 2009) | |||
| Bossers (Folstein et al., 1975) | 3; 9; (Two not willing to perform the pre-tests, 1 due to injury) | 19; 58; (1 injury not related to study, 6 sore leg muscles, 12 sense of exertion) | |
| Brami (Robison and Rogers, 1994) | 9; 41; (One change in care, four change in health status, four not willing to perform the pre-tests) | ||
| Brill (Hawley-Hague et al., 2016) | |||
| Burgener (Bullard et al., 2019) | 10; 23; (one change of residence, one illness, three not needing the intervention, three disability, one change in residence, one involvement in other programs) | ||
| Cancela (van der Wardt et al., 2017) | 59; 31; (28 deaths, 15 transfers, five health issues, four refusals, three non-adherence, one cognitive deterioration, one due to medication, one hospitalization, one loss of interest) | 34 unrelated to study; 18; (28 deaths, five health issues, one hospitalization) | |
| Choi (Peach et al., 2017) | 4; 7; (One insufficient attendance, two did not complete the post-test, and one moved) | ||
| Chu (Apóstolo et al., 2018) | 1;4; (death) | 331 unrelated to study; mean = 13 per person | |
| Dannhauser (Ybarra et al., 2008) | 3;4; (two due to the time commitment, one due to physical ill health) | 2; 3; (unrelated to study, of which one stroke, one fracture of ankle) | >50 |
| Edwards (Adolphs, 2009) | 2; 6; (one hospitalization, one death) | 2; 6; (one hospitalization, one death) | |
| Hageman (World Health Organization, 2010) | |||
| Hauer (Fratiglioni et al., 2004) | 23; 19; (seven death, nine serious medical events, seven interrupted training and rejection of any additional testing) | 16; 13; (unrelated to study, of which seven death, nine serious medical events) | |
| Hauer (Fratiglioni et al., 2000) | 6; 18 (three for medical reasons, two for lack of compliance, one death) | 1 unrelated to study; 3; (death) | |
| Hoffman (Jancey et al., 2007) | 10; 5; (two dementia progression, five medical illness, two self-withdrawals, one family illness) | 71; 35; (seven related to study, including one atrial fibrillation and six musculoskeletal problems | |
| Kemoun (Arkin, 2003) | 7; 23; (three lost motivation, three had a stroke, one had hallucinations) | ||
| Kuiack (Lox et al., 2016) | 3; 37; (unspecified) | ||
| Lam (Taylor et al., 2017) | 32; 22; (unspecified) | 1 unrelated to study; 1; (death) | |
| Lamb (Hageman and Thomas, 2002) | 76; 15; (45 withdraws, 18 deaths, 13 losses to follow up) | 29; 6; (eight related to study. Four serious adverse events related to study, including one hospitalization, two injurious falls, and one case of worsening hip pain) | |
| Lowery (Teri et al., 1998) | 15; 11; (nine withdrew, four lost to follow up, two died) | 8; 6; (unrelated to study, including six falls and two deaths) | |
| Pitkälä (Blankevoort et al., 2010) | 56; 27; (17 deaths, 18 admissions to nursing homes, 13 self-withdrawals, 8 deterioration of health) | 491; average: two per person; (96 hospital admissions, 365 falls, 17 deaths, 13 fractures) | |
| Prick (Sobol et al., 2016) | 46; 41; (16 carer burden, 13 participant burden, 6 deaths, 6 admissions to nursing homes, 4 carer health) | Six; 5; (deaths unrelated to study) | 16 |
| Rolland (Yágüez et al., 2011) | 24; 18; (15 deaths, 8 changes of institutions, one self-withdrawal) | 297; average: two per person; (275 falls, 15 deaths, seven fractures, and five falls, the latter occurred during exercise) | |
| Santana-Sosa (Binder, 1995) | None; 0 | None; 0 | |
| Schwenk (Lautenschlager et al., 2008, Bossers et al., 2014, Bossers et al., 2015, Brill et al., 1995, Burgener et al., 2008, Cancela et al., 2016, Choi and Lee, 2018) | 12; 20; (seven lack of motivation, three deaths, two serious adverse event) | 5; 8; (unrelated to study, of which three deaths) | |
| Sobol (Nyman and Victor, 2011) | 11; 5; (four medical illness, four self-withdrawal, two dementia progression, one family illness) | 1; 1; (serious adverse event - atrial fibrillation - possibly related to the study). Unspecified number of musculoskeletal problems and dizziness /faintness, half related to the study | 80 |
| Steinberg (Murray et al., 2013) | 7; 26 (one death, one Syncopal episode, one fractured metatarsal, one transient ischemic attack, one wrist pain, one ganglion cyst, one light-headed post-phlebotomy) | ||
| Suzuki (Bossers et al., 2015) | 3; 6; (one medical illness, one refusal and one did not give reasons) | ||
| Tak (Brill et al., 1995) | 13; 7; (five problems with walking or moving, four illness or injury, two complaints related to program, one too busy, one intensity too high) | ||
| Tappen (Burgener et al., 2008) | 6; 8; (unspecified) | ||
| Taylor (Cancela et al., 2016) | 9; 21; (one died, two were placed in residential care, four refused, one was unwell, and one withdrew from the study) | ||
| Telenius (Choi and Lee, 2018) | 16; 9; (seven withdrawals, three deaths, four transfers and four illnesses) | None related to study | 70 |
| Teri (Gibson-Moore, 2019) | 2; 7 | ||
| Thomas (Choi and Lee, 2018) | |||
| Toots (Dannhauser et al., 2014) | 29; 16; (25 deaths, two transfers, one medical withdrawal, one hospitalization) | 1; 1; (death possibly related to study) | 75 |
| Van Uffelen (Edwards et al., 2008) | 90; 59; (51 illnesses, 15 too busy, six locations too far, six too intensive, one too light, 11 unspecified) | None related to study | |
| Venturelli (Hauer et al., 2017) | 3; 12; (two strokes and one heart failure) | None; 0 | |
| Volkers (Hauer et al., 2012) | 27 | ||
| Wesson (Kemoun et al., 2010) | 1; 4; (hospitalization) | 4; 18; (stiffness, dizziness and mild joint pain) | |
| Yágüez (Hawley, 2009) | 3; 11 |