Table 1.
Effect of TMP pretreatment with on inflammatory biomarkers: TNF-α, IL-6 and ICAM-1 in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
| Group | TNF-α (ng/mg protein} |
IL-6 (pg/mg protein) |
ICAM-1 (pg/mg protein) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 0.29 ± 0.02 | 38.69 ± 1.89 | 2.02 ± 0.32 |
| Indomethacin (INDO) (25 mg/kg) | 1.9a ± 0.19 | 102.62a ± 15.55 | 10.57a ± 1.59 |
| Omeprazole (30 mg/kg) + INDO | 0.67a,b ± 0.09 | 52.74a,b ± 4.74 | 5.47a,b ± 0.64 |
| TMP (15 mg/kg) + INDO | 1.96a ± 0.13 | 81.43a,b ± 7.30 | 7.67a,b ± 0.93 |
| TMP (30 mg/kg) + INDO | 1.40a,b ± 0.11 | 62.30a,b ± 7.95 | 6.04a,b ± 0.72 |
| TMP (60 mg/kg) + INDO | 0.73a.b ± 0.10 | 41.26b ± 4.50 | 3.87a,b ± 0.35 |
| TMP alone (60 mg/kg) | 0.31b ± 0.03 | 35.45b ± 3.89 | 2.14b ± 0.42 |
Data are presented as mean ± S.D (n = 6). Indomethacin-exposed rats were given only indomethacin at a dose of 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally while all other pretreatments either with omeprazole (30 mg/kg) or TMP 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg were given orally one hour before indomethacin administration. a and b: statistically significant from the corresponding control and indomethacin group, respectively, at P < 0.05 using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s as a post-hoc test.