Fig. 2.
Colocalization of gray matter volume sex differences in humans with a distributed brain system that subserves face processing. (A) Reproduction of slice maps and surface projections showing unthresholded (slice maps) and statistically significant (thresholded surface projections) male-female GMV differences in the HCP dataset (compare Fig. 1A). (B) Slice maps and surface projections of the NeuroSynth association statistic in z scores show regions that are more (in warm colors) likely to be activated during tasks related to topic 5, mainly face processing. Pearson’s correlation of the unthresholded maps, with signs, of male-female GMV differences (Left in A) and association statistics of topic 5 (Left in B) is statistically significant (r = 0.32, Pperm < 0.001). (C) A binary conjunction map between cortical regions associated with NeuroSynth topic 5, and cortical regions of significant GMV sex differences. Note that this conjunction is largely composed of regions with male-biased (yellow) as opposed to female-biased (blue) GMV.