Table 2.
Descriptive statistics by group and time point for primary and secondary outcomes.
| Variables | Active control, mean (SD) | Intervention, mean (SD) | |||||||||
| Baseline | Postintervention | Baseline | Postintervention | Follow-up | |||||||
| Primary outcomes |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Stress | 18.82 (7.98) | 18.94 (9.03) | 17.03 (7.88) | 14.72 (7.49) | 12.79 (7.58) | |||||
|
|
Anxiety | 8.14 (6.76) | 8.61 (6.90) | 7.56 (7.60) | 6.11 (5.86) | 5.58 (5.81) | |||||
|
|
Depression | 10.95 (8.00) | 10.87 (8.58) | 11.33 (8.67) | 9.66 (7.71) | 7.14 (6.79) | |||||
|
|
Subjective well-being | 58.02 (15.18) | 54.72 (17.06) | 55.73 (16.15) | 57.98 (17.54) | 62.82 (17.61) | |||||
| Secondary outcomes |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Mood affect | 52.92 (15.96) | 52.37 (19.35) | 55.48 (16.88) | 58.11 (15.56) | 64.27 (16.06) | |||||
|
|
Optimism | 5.74 (2.65) | 5.81 (2.89) | 6.33 (2.51) | 6.60 (2.25) | 7.41 (2.22) | |||||
|
|
Primary control | 40.41 (9.05) | 41.50 (10.38) | 40.51 (9.32) | 42.75 (7.09) | 42.82 (7.62) | |||||
|
|
Secondary control | 17.88 (6.96) | 15.39 (7.91) | 20.80 (6.93) | 19.60 (8.89) | 19.74 (7.53) | |||||
|
|
Self-esteem | 9.27 (2.33) | 10.06 (2.36) | 9.44 (2.77) | 10.15 (2.49) | 10.97 (2.32) | |||||
|
|
Support_Family | 16.56 (6.61) | 17.34 (6.79) | 16.39 (6.54) | 17.66 (6.21) | 19.87 (5.39) | |||||
|
|
Support_Friends | 18.62 (5.47) | 19.42 (5.94) | 17.93 (5.65) | 19.68 (5.43) | 20.08 (5.81) | |||||
|
|
Support_Others | 19.91 (5.89) | 21.24 (5.45) | 20.04 (5.72) | 20.91 (5.89) | 23.68 (4.29) | |||||