. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 8.

Published in final edited form as: Appl Mater Today. 2019 Oct 9;18:100479. doi: 10.1016/j.apmt.2019.100479

Table 1.

Comparison of bioprinter types.

	Bioprinter type			Stereolithography	Refs.
	Drop on demand (inkjet)	Microextrusion	Laser-assisted	Stereolithography	Refs.
Material viscosities	3.5–12 mPa/s	30 mPa/s to above 6 × 10⁷ mPa/s	1–300 mPa/s	No limitation	[1,9,14,15,16]
Print speed	Fast	Slow	Medium	Fast	[1,9,12,17]
Resolution or droplet size	High	Moderate	High	High	[1,9,18]
Printer cost	Low	Medium	High	Low	[1,9,17,19]
Cell viability	80–95%	40–90%	<85%	>85%	[1,17,20,21]
Cell densities	Low < 10⁶ cells/ml	High (cell spheroids)	Medium, 10⁸ cells/ml	Medium	[9,17]
Preparation time	Low	Low to medium	High	Low	[22,23,18]
Materials used in bioprinting	Alginate, collagen	Alginate, GelMA, PEGDMA, PEGDA	Collagen, Martigel	Hyaluronic acid Alginate, PEG based acrylates	[1,18]