Table 1.

Secretion or degradation of cargo through an amphisome-dependent mechanism

Authors/Years	Cargoes	Cell lines	Amphisome’s judgment	Ref
Secretion of cargo through an Amphisome-Dependent Mechanism
Dennis K. Jeppesen et al./2019	dsDNA and histones	DKO-1, Gli36	SIM, Colocalization (CD63、LC3)	[13]
Kaizhe Wang et al./2019	Autophagy-associated proteins	Hela, MDA-MB-231	TEM, Colocalization (CD63、LC3)	[38]
Sandra Atienzar-Aroca et al./2018	VEGFR2	ARPE-19	TEM	[125]
Georgia Minakaki et al./2018	SNCA/alpha-synuclein	Human neuroglioma cells	TEM	[120]
Elisabet Barbero-Camps et al./2018	Amyloid beta (Ab)	Neuron-rich primary cultures	–	[37]
Ying-Da Chen et al./2017	Annexin A2	Human lung epithelial cells.	Colocalization (CD63、LC3)	[126]
Nina Pettersen Hessvik et al./2016	Autophagy-associated protein (NBR1, p62, LC3, WIPI2 etc)	PC-3	TEM	[64]
Degration of cargo through an Amphisome-Dependent Mechanism
Amengual J et al./2018	Apolipoprotein B100	Huh7	Colocalization (EEA1、LC3)	[127]
Jakob Mejlvang et al./2018	Autophagy receptors p62/SQSTM1, NBR1, NDP52, NCOA4	A549, BJ	Immuno-EM (p62), Colocalization (Rab5、LC3)	[63]
Guodong Wang et al./2017	Endocytic PEI-Alg NPs	Endothelial progenitor cells	TEM	[128]
Prasad Tammineni et al./2017	Association of soluble Aβ oligomers	COS7,	Colocalization (Rab7、LC3)	[129]
Ruud H. Wijdeven et al./2016	Cytosolic components	Hela, HEK 293 T	Colocalization (LC3、CD63)	[123]
Zhihua Chen et al./2016	Endocytic Ultrafine PM	Human bronchial epithelial cells	TEM	[121]
Sovan Sarka et al./2013	Cholesterol	MEF	Colocalization (Rab7、LC3)	[34]
Yusong Zhang, et al./2012	Endocytic HMGB1	HepG2	Colocalization (HMGB1、LC3)	[122]

SIM Structured illumination microscopy, TEM Transmission electron microscopy, Immuno-EM Immuno-electron microscop, Colocalization Immunofluorescence colocalization, VEGFR2 Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, HMGB1 High mobility group box 1