Table 1.
Summary of the operational definitions of the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors
| Non-modifiable | |
| ▪ Age: class 1935–1937 | |
| ▪ Sex: females | |
| ▪ APOE: ε4 carriers | |
| Modifiable | |
| ▪ Low education: ≤ 5 years of formal education | |
| ▪ Obesity: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | |
| ▪ Hypertension: systolic blood pressure > 130 mmHg | |
| OR diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg | |
| OR antihypertensive medication | |
| ▪ Diabetes: fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL | |
| OR diabetes treatment | |
| ▪ Depression: DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of major depression or dysthymia OR at least 3 of these features: (i) history of depression, (ii) depression treatment, (iii) GDS ≥ 8, and (iv) self-reported depressed mood during the last week. | |
| ▪ Smoking: current smokers | |
| ▪ Physical inactivity: absence of any weekly vigorous or moderate leisure time physical activity | |
| ▪ Hearing loss: evaluated by the physician with the Whispered Voice Test | |
| ▪ Loneliness: feeling lonely during the last week | |
| ▪ Heart disease: anamnestic diagnosis | |
| ▪ Stroke: anamnestic diagnosis | |
| ▪ Head injury: anamnestic diagnosis | |
| ▪ Delirium: anamnestic diagnosis |