Colonies of wild-type, ΔgldN mutant, and complemented strains of F. psychrophilum. (A to C) Microcolonies of wild type (WT), ΔgldN mutant, and ΔgldN mutant complemented with wild-type gldN on pBFp4. Colonies arose from cells incubated for 32 h at 18°C on 5% TYES solidified with agar (10 g/liter). Photomicrographs were taken with a Photometrics Cool-SNAPcf2 camera mounted on an Olympus IMT-2 phase-contrast microscope. Scale bar in panel C applies to panels A, B, and C. (D) Macrocolonies of wild type, ΔgldN mutant, and complemented mutant. Cells were spotted on 5% TYES solidified with agar (10 g/liter), incubated at 18°C for 12 days, and photographed using a Nikon D7200 camera.