Table 2.
Comparison of cognitive spectrum in each group
| Item | Control group | DBS group (Preoperatively) | DBS group (Postoperatively) | MED group (1‐y follow‐up) | MED group (1‐y follow‐up) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Memory quotient (min‐max） |
101 ± 6.45 |
89.4 ± 17.41* (55‐126） |
89.2 ± 17.2* (60‐128) |
82.9 ± 14.0* (51‐110) |
81.6 ± 17.1* (52‐108) |
| Change | −0.10 ± 9.21 | −1.24 ± 10.7 | |||
| Tavg (second) | 1.09 ± 0.32 |
1.54 ± 0.82* (0.73‐4.42） |
1.62 ± 0.80 (0.73‐3.39） |
1.44 ± 0.54* (0.71‐4.02) |
1.50 ± 0.65 (0.72‐3.04) |
| Change | 0.025 ± 0.53 | 0.05 ± 0.56 | |||
| DPN | 8.50 ± 3.09 |
7.40 ± 3.56 (4‐22) |
7.60 ± 3.09 (6‐25) |
7.30 ± 3.00 (3‐19) |
7.05 ± 3.20 (2‐20) |
| Change | 0.2 ± 2.00 | 0.2 ± 2.00 | |||
| Error rate (%) | 4.84 ± 12.7 |
9.71 ± 14.3* (1.7‐66.1) |
13.4 ± 10.7* (1.2‐40.9) |
12.6 ± 16.9* (1.1‐69.1) |
9.50 ± 12.0 (0.8‐58.8) |
| Change | 3.72 ± 12.6 | −3.05 ± 6.56 ▲ | |||
| Verbal fluency | 16.8 ± 2.54 |
13.1 ± 4.31* (6‐23) |
(10‐24) |
14.4 ± 4.69* (6.5‐25) |
14.3 ± 6.21* (5‐24) |
| Change | −1.35 ± 0.85 | −0.85 ± 3.58 ▲ | |||
| Clock‐drawing test | 2.85 ± 0.36 |
2.25 ± 0.79* (0‐3) |
2.70 ± 0.57 # (0‐3) |
2.30 ± 0.92* (0‐3) |
2.05 ± 0.83* (0‐3) |
| Change | 0.45 ± 0.89 | −0.25 ± 0.85 ▲ | |||
| Tmin (second) | 0.24 ± 0.16 |
0.40 ± 0.24* (0.02‐0.78) |
0.28 ± 0.21 # (0.02‐0.75) |
0.34 ± 0.19* (0.04‐0.72) |
0.28 ± 0.20 (0.02‐0.70) |
| Change | −0.12 ± 0.22 | −0.08 ± 021 | |||
| Mini Mental State Examination | 27.6 ± 1.79 | 26.9 ± 2.07 | 26.8 ± 2.57 | 25.8 ± 4.19 | 26.1 ± 3.12 |
Change = postoperation—preoperation or after 1‐y follow‐up—before 1‐y follow‐up. In the clock‐drawing test, Mann‐Whitney U rank sum test was used to compare the difference among DBS, MED, and control groups. Paired rank sum test was utilized to compare the difference before and after surgery or 1‐y follow‐up.
P < .01, vs control group;
P < .05, vs preoperation;
P < .05, vs DBS group using MANOVA.