Fig. 1.

PM₁₀ (top) and microbial emissions (bottom) captured by the measuring instruments during manure application and incorporation processes at increasing distances to the tractor engine. Air samples were collected over 10 min for each distance, and particulate concentrations were monitored in parallel at a height of 1.5 m. Total bacteria were determined as microscopic cell counts, culturable bacteria as blood agar counts and enterococci as counts on KAA medium.