Table 2.
Effect of exercise versus control on fatigue and physical function at baseline and changes at 3 months
| Intervention | Control | Exercise Effect | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatigue* | N=12 | |||
| Baseline | 44.50 (14.74) | 49.84 (15.13) | 0.33 | |
| 3 months change | −5.02 (−13.64, 3.61) | 4.87 (−3.10, 12.85) | −9.89 (−21.76, 1.97) | 0.10 |
| 6MWD (meters) | N=9 | N=4 | ||
| Baseline | 448.00 (76.27) | 398.50 (94.28) | 0.40 | |
| 3 months change | 29.79 (−14.19, 73.76) | −55.52 (−122.62, 11.58) | 85.31 (3.59, 167.02) | 0.04 |
| Chair Stand (times) | N=9 | N=4 | ||
| Baseline | 13.56 (3.13) | 11.25 (1.89) | 0.20 | |
| 3 months change | 2.06 (0.66, 3.46) | 0.87 (−1.30, 3.03) | 1.19 (−1.47, 3.85) | 0.34 |
| Arm Curl (times) | N=9 | N=4 | ||
| Baseline | 24.11 (4.37) | 19.25 (8.54) | 0.19 | |
| 3 months change | −1.82 (−6.16, 2.52) | −1.15 (−7.86, 5.56) | −0.67 (−8.93, 7.59) | 0.86 |
| Hand Grip (lbs) | N=9 | N=4 | ||
| Baseline | 32.44 (11.14) | 36.25 (17.23) | 0.64 | |
| 3 months change | −0.32 (−3.38, 2.74) | −5.78 (−10.39, −1.17) | 5.46 (−0.09, 11.02) | 0.05 |
Note. Baseline scores are presented as means (standard deviation). 3-month changes are presented as least square means and 95% confidence interval from mixed model analysis adjusting for baseline score. These bold values are statistically significant (p<0.05). 6MWD= 6-minute walk distance. SD = stand deviation. Physical function tests were added later into the study, only a subset of participants had the physical function tests, plus 3 missing for intervention group.
*
Fatigue was measured by using Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20.