Figure 4.

Principle of Scattering Pattern Shift and Its Applications

(A–C) The coding pattern domain.

(D–F) The calculated radiation patterns corresponding to the coding patterns in (A–C), respectively.

(G–I) The equivalent frequency spectra of the radiation patterns in (D–F), respectively.

(J) The attainable radiation angles calculated by adding two gradient coding sequences with different super-unit-cell sizes M and N.

(K) The attainable angle of the mixed coding pattern when the two gradient coding sequences vary along with orthogonal directions.

(L) The coding pattern for the OAM mode l = 1.

(M) The coding pattern with gradient coding sequence “0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7···” varying along the x direction.

(N) The mixed coding pattern of (L) and (m).

(O) The radiation pattern of the mixed coding pattern.