Table 1.
Patient characteristics and reduced EEG findings of 212 patients who underwent video EEG monitoring at Massachusetts General Hospital
| Diagnosis of 18+ h of full EEG with access to video and trending data | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seizure within 4 h N = 117 |
Seizure after 4 h N = 24 |
Non-seizure N = 71 |
p value | |
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean ± SD | 65.6 ± 16.1 | 63.6 ± 18.8 | 62.6 ± 18.7 | 0.24* |
| Male gender, % (n) | 53.8 (63) | 41.7 (10) | 38.0 (27) | 0.092† |
| History of epilepsy, % (n) | 29.1 (34) | 16.7 (4) | 16.9 (12) | 0.11† |
| Intracranial hemorrhage, % (n) | 25.6 (30) | 33.3 (8) | 36.6 (26) | 0.27† |
| Admitted to ICU, % (n) | 94.9 (111) | 95.8 (23) | 69.0 (49) | < 0.001† |
| GCS, median [IQR] (range) | 10 [11] (3–15) | 11.5 [11] (3–15) | 13 [5] (3–15) | 0.081‡ |
| Coma (GCS ≤ 8), % (n) | 41.0 (48) | 45.8 (11) | 21.1 (15) | 0.010† |
| Diagnosis of first 4 h of reduced EEG | ||||
| Seizure or epileptiform activity, % (n) | 94.9 (111) | 62.5 (15) | 9.2 (7) | < 0.001† |
| Seizure | 65.8 (77) | 12.5 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Periodic patterns | 23.1 (27) | 41.7 (10) | 8.5 (6) | |
| Epileptiform spikes | 6.0 (7) | 8.3 (2) | 1.4 (1) | |
| Non-epileptiform activity, % (n) | 5.1 (6) | 37.5 (9) | 90.1 (64) | |
| Burst suppression | 5.1 (6) | 12.5 (3) | 0.0 (0) | |
| Diffuse slow or normal activity | 0.0 (0) | 25.0 (6) | 90.1 (64) | |
EEG electroencephalography, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, ICU intensive care unit
p values are calculated using one-way ANOVA (indicated by *), Chi-squared (indicated by †) and Kruskal–Wallis (indicated by ‡) tests as appropriate; bolded p values are statistically significant