. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020 Aug;21(8):708–719. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002310

Table 3.

Ventilation and gas exchange at inhaled nitric oxide initiation based on oxygenation improvement^*

	Oxygenation improvement
	No (N = 11) [Q1, Median, Q3]	Yes (N = 130) [Q1, Median, Q3]	Unable to determine (N = 10)	P-value
Ventilation type^1,2				0.598²
Conventional	10/133 (7.5%)	116/133 (87.2%)	7/133 (5.3%)
HFOV	0/15 (0.0%)	13/15 (86.7%)	2/15 (13.3%)
NA	1/3 (33.3%)	1/3 (33.3%)	1/3 (33.3%)
PaO2 (mmHg)	n=8 [39.4, 44.7, 59.5]	n=89 [56.4, 67.0, 80.7]	n=8 [53.5, 62.6, 78.0]	0.018³
SpO₂ (%)	n=10 [69.0, 79.5, 91.0]	n=127 [90.0, 93.0, 97.0]	n=8 [91.5, 93.5, 96.5]	<.001³
Exhaled tidal volume (mL/kg)	n=7 [6.6, 8.0, 9.6]	n=86 [6.5, 7.9, 9.3]	n=7 [5.0, 7.4, 7.9]	0.844³
MAP (cmH₂O)	n=7 [10.0, 13.0, 15.0]	n=110 [15.0, 19.0, 24.0]	n=9 [16.0, 16.0, 25.0]	0.002³
FiO₂	n=11 [0.9, 1.0, 1.0]	n=130 [0.7, 0.9, 1.0]	n=9 [0.6, 0.6, 0.8]	0.318³
PEEP (cmH₂O)	n=10 [5.0, 8.5, 15.0]	n=115 [8.0, 10.0, 12.0]	n=7 [6.0, 10.0, 10.0]	0.392³
PIP (cmH₂O)	n=9 [27.0, 30.0, 32.0]	n=109 [27.0, 32.0, 36.0]	n=7 [30.0, 32.0, 38.0]	0.455³
ETCO₂ (mmHg)	n=8 [19.5, 28.5, 42.0]	n=77 [30.0, 38.0, 52.0]	n=6 [43.0, 50.0, 61.0]	0.090³
Oxygenation index	n=5 [19.3, 21.6, 37.1]	n=74 [13.0, 22.7, 36.1]	n=7 [16.1, 16.6, 19.5]	0.880³
Oxygenation saturation index	n=7 [12.3, 15.9, 19.6]	n=83 [13.2, 18.1, 23.5]	n=8 [9.1, 9.9, 20.6]	0.362³
Time between iNO initiation and mechanical ventilation initiation (hours)	n=11 [4.4, 22.2, 45.0]	n=121 [6.2, 30.0, 92.5]	n=9 [32.3, 64.7, 152.5]	0.313³

Oxygenation improvement defined as either an SpO₂ greater than 88% or a PaO₂ greater than 60 mmHg within 24 hours of iNO initiation. If a parameter value was not entered at inhaled nitric oxide initiation, the closest prior value to initiation was used. Ventilation parameters up to 6 hours prior to iNO initiation were considered.

Row percentages are reported.

Fisher's exact test was used to compare mortality between conventional and HFOV ventilation modes. 1 subject was started on mechanical ventilation after iNO initiation and 2 subjects did not have ventilation type recorded at time of iNO initiation. Reported as NA.

Wilcoxon rank-sum test.