. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 12.

Published in final edited form as: N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 20;381(24):2304–2314. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1908142

Table 2.

Rate of Exacerbation of COPD, According to Severity.

Severity of Exacerbation	Metoprolol (N = 268)		Placebo (N = 264)		Rate Ratio (95% CI)
	Events	Rate (95% CI)	Events	Rate (95% CI)
	no.	no. of events/person-yr	no.	no. of events/person-yr

Any severity	289	1.40 (1.21–1.61)	272	1.33 (1.15–1.54)	1.05 (0.85–1.28)

Mild	163	0.78 (0.65–0.94)	178	0.88 (0.74–1.05)	0.89 (0.69–1.15)

Moderate	34	0.17 (0.11–0.25)	36	0.18 (0.12–0.26)	0.94 (0.53–1.65)

Severe	81	0.40 (0.30–0.52)	55	0.26 (0.19–0.36)	1.51 (1.00–2.29)

Very severe	11	0.05 (0.03–0.10)	3	0.01 (0.00–0.05)	3.71 (1.10–16.98)

Moderate or greater	126	0.62 (0.50–0.77)	94	0.45 (0.35–0.58)	1.36 (0.98–1.91)

Severe or very severe	92	0.45 (0.35–0.58)	58	0.28 (0.21–0.38)	1.63 (1.10–2.42)