Table 1.
Prevalence and Adjusted Odds Ratios of 12-Month and Lifetime DSM-5 Bipolar I Disorder by Sociodemographic Characteristics, Total Sample
| Sociodemographic Characteristic | 12-Month (N=566) | Lifetime (N=753) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence % (SE)a | AORb (95% CI) | Prevalence % (SE) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Total | 1.5 (0.09) | - | 2.1 (0.10) | - |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 1.6 (0.13) | 1.1 (0.91–1.45) | 2.2 (0.16) | 1.1 (0.93–1.37) |
| Women | 1.5 (0.11) | 1.0 (Reference)c | 2.0 (0.13) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Race-ethnicity | ||||
| White | 1.6 (0.12) | 1.0 (Reference) | 2.1 (0.14) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Black | 1.5 (0.17) | 0.7 (0.54–0.96) | 2.0 (0.23) | 0.7 (0.56–0.97) |
| Native American | 3.9 (0.93) | 1.9 (1.13–3.14) | 5.6 (1.05) | 2.1 (1.39–3.13) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.7 (0.20) | 0.4 (0.21–0.73) | 1.0 (0.26) | 0.4 (0.25–0.75) |
| Hispanic | 1.6 (0.19) | 0.7 (0.48–0.95) | 1.9 (0.21) | 0.7 (0.50–0.90) |
| Age, y | ||||
| 18–29 | 2.3 (0.20) | 6.6 (4.05–10.75) | 2.8 (0.23) | 4.0 (2.68–5.97) |
| 30–44 | 1.8 (0.14) | 5.9 (3.57–9.80) | 2.4 (0.19) | 3.9 (2.62–5.80) |
| 45–64 | 1.5 (0.15) | 4.5 (2.77–7.32) | 2.0 (0.16) | 2.9 (1.99–4.19) |
| ≥65 | 0.4 (0.10) | 1.0 (Reference) | 0.8 (0.16) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married/cohabiting | 1.2 (0.11) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.7 (0.13) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 1.8 (0.17) | 1.5 (1.18–1.96) | 2.5 (0.19) | 1.5 (1.17–1.78) |
| Never married | 2.2 (0.19) | 1.2 (0.89–1.61) | 2.8 (0.21) | 1.1 (0.91–1.44) |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 2.2 (0.31) | 1.6 (1.11–2.19) | 2.5 (0.33) | 1.3 (0.92–1.72) |
| High school | 1.9 (0.18) | 1.3 (1.08–1.64) | 2.5 (0.20) | 1.2 (1.03–1.48) |
| Some college or higher | 1.3 (0.09) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.8 (0.11) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Family income | ||||
| 0–19,999 | 2.5 (0.19) | 2.3 (1.71–3.21) | 3.2 (0.22) | 2.3 (1.74–3.15) |
| 20,000–34,999 | 1.7 (0.19) | 1.7 (1.24–2.45) | 2.3 (0.19) | 1.8 (1.31–2.34) |
| 35,000–69,999 | 1.4 (0.15) | 1.5 (1.05–2.03) | 2.0 (0.17) | 1.5 (1.15–2.00) |
| ≥70,000 | 0.9 (0.12) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.2 (0.14) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Urbanicity | ||||
| Urban | 1.5 (0.09) | 0.8 (0.60–1.05) | 2.0 (0.11) | 0.8 (0.63–1.06) |
| Rural | 1.8 (0.23) | 1.0 (Reference) | 2.5 (0.26) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 1.6 (0.21) | 0.9 (0.67–1.28) | 2.2 (0.25) | 1.0 (0.75–1.41) |
| Midwest | 1.4 (0.16) | 0.8 (0.56–1.03) | 2.0 (0.19) | 0.8 (0.63–1.14) |
| South | 1.5 (0.16) | 0.8 (0.56–1.06) | 2.0 (0.18) | 0.8 (0.60–1.13) |
| West | 1.7 (0.16) | 1.0 (Reference) | 2.1 (0.23) | 1.0 (Reference) |
Note: Significant (p < 0.05) odds ratios appear in bold font.
a
SE = Standard error.
b
Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) adjusted for all other sociodemographic characteristics.
c
Reference = Reference group specified for each sociodemographic comparison.