Table 4.
Adjusted Odds ratiosof 12-Month and Lifetime DSM-5 Bipolar I Disorder and Other Psychiatric Disorders Among Men and Women
| Comorbid disorder | 12-Month | Lifetime | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |||||
| AORa (95% CI)b | AOR (95% CI)c | AORa (95% CI)b | AOR (95% CI)c | AORa (95% CI)b | AOR (95% CI)c | AORa (95% CI)b | AOR (95% CI)c | |
| Any substance use disorder | 4.3 (3.17–5.81) | 2.0 (1.42–2.78) | 4.5 (3.40–6.07) | 2.0 (1.45–2.78) | 8.8 (5.43–14.33) | 3.7 (2.28–6.14) | 4.6 (3.37–6.24) | 1.8 (1.27–2.44) |
| Alcohol use disorder | 2.3 (1.71–3.17) | 0.9 (0.64–1.32) | 4.0 (2.99–5.37) | 1.7 (1.17–2.42) | 5.2 (3.77–7.16) | 1.9 (1.29–2.63) | 4.8 (3.72–6.25) | 1.7 (1.20–2.28) |
| Any drug use disorder | 5.2 (3.50–7.66) | 1.5 (0.94–2.31) | 6.1 (4.15–9.04) | 1.4 (0.81–2.25) | 4.6 (3.55–5.90) | 1.1 (0.80–1.46) | 6.2 (4.87–7.96) | 1.7 (1.26–2.35) |
| Tobacco use disorder | 4.2 (3.11–5.78) | 2.1 (1.45–3.09) | 3.9 (2.77–5.38) | 1.6 (1.05–2.33) | 5.1 (3.81–6.84) | 2.0 (1.41–2.84) | 3.2 (2.44–4.16) | 1.0 (0.74–1.45) |
| Any anxiety disorder | 8.4 (5.69–12.32) | 2.0 (1.32–3.06) | 6.7 (4.83–9.28) | 1.7 (1.09–2.52) | 7.2 (5.34–9.73) | 2.0 (1.39–2.73) | 6.8 (5.13–9.08) | 2.0 (1.39–2.83) |
| Panic | 16.1 (9.97–26.11) | 4.0 (2.20–7.23) | 9.0 (6.35–12.66) | 2.0 (1.39–3.01) | 12.0 (8.33–17.20) | 3.6 (2.32–5.67) | 5.6 (4.12–7.59) | 1.4 (1.03–2.03) |
| Agoraphobia | 12.9 (7.28–22.91) | 2.1 (1.12–4.10) | 7.4 (4.65–11.68) | 1.4 (0.80–2.49) | 9.5 (5.72–15.92) | 1.8 (1.01–3.02) | 7.3 (4.93–10.66) | 1.8 (1.12–2.92) |
| Social anxiety disorder | 8.2 (5.25–12.79) | 1.4 (0.86–2.30) | 5.2 (3.16–8.53) | 1.1 (0.69–1.84) | 6.7 (4.59–9.71) | 1.3 (0.86–2.01) | 5.2 (3.50–7.67) | 1.3 (0.85–1.98) |
| Specific phobia | 5.7 (3.81–8.57) | 1.5 (0.90–2.34) | 3.4 (2.55–4.54) | 1.2 (0.94–1.61) | 5.1 (3.44–7.44) | 1.3 (0.84–2.09) | 3.4 (2.59–4.39) | 1.2 (0.95–1.60) |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 8.7 (5.95–12.65) | 1.3 (0.85–1.91) | 7.3 (5.17–10.42) | 1.3 (0.83–2.11) | 6.9 (5.01–9.53) | 1.3 (0.92–1.96) | 6.1 (4.49–8.15) | 1.3 (0.86–1.98) |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 11.5 (8.39–15.67) | 2.4 (1.66–3.55) | 8.7 (6.65–11.26) | 1.9 (1.36–2.50) | 11.5 (8.42–15.69) | 2.9 (2.11–4.03) | 7.3 (5.60–9.50) | 1.8 (1.28–2.46) |
| Any personality disorderd | 20.2 (13.28–30.85) | 8.6 (5.45–13.54) | 19.8 (13.90–28.34) | 8.1 (4.80–13.59) | 15.2 (11.08–20.74) | 5.7 (4.17–7.78) | 14.8 (11.16–19.53) | 5.7 (4.00–8.04) |
| Schizotypal | 14.9 (10.36–21.53) | 2.7 (1.74–4.21) | 12.4 (8.80–17.39) | 2.4 (1.53–3.61) | 11.8 (8.83–15.76) | 2.2 (1.58–3.01) | 11.6 (8.71–15.50) | 2.6 (1.77–3.75) |
| Borderline | 18.8 (12.38–28.43) | 4.3 (2.72–6.80) | 17.5 (12.49–24.46) | 4.7 (2.81–7.88) | 15.7 (11.39–21.56) | 4.0 (2.75–5.79) | 13.1 (10.08–17.08) | 3.2 (2.24–4.58) |
| Antisocial | 7.1 (5.08–9.97) | 2.0 (1.38–2.95) | 7.7 (5.03–11.78) | 1.7 (1.06–2.66) | 5.9 (4.26–8.11) | 1.7 (1.19–2.30) | 7.6 (5.05–11.38) | 1.8 (1.13–2.70) |
Note: Significant (p < 0.05) odds ratios appear in bold font.
a
Adjusted odds ratios adjusted for sex, age, race-ethnicity, marital status, education, household income urbanicity andregion.
b
95% CI= 95% confidence interval.
c
Adjusted odds ratios adjusted for sex, age, race-ethnicity, marital status, education, household income, urbanicity, region and other psychiatric disorders.
d
Personality disorders assessed on a lifetime basis.