Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Jul 31;11:1528. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01528

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2020 P, Tomar, Madhwal and Mukherjee.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Ablating Drosophila larval blood cells leads to adult fly growth defect. In (b,c,g–h′), scale bar = 1 mm, (d–e′′′) = 40 μm, and (i–j′) = 250 μm. RF indicates regular food. In (f,k) bar graphs represent mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical analysis applied in (f,k) is unpaired t-test, two-tailed. “n” is the total number of larvae analyzed and “N” is the total number of repeats. (a) Pictorial representation of the constitutive and temporal experiments undertaken using “Hml^Δ >” and “Hml^Δ >; tub gal80^ts,” respectively. (b–f) Overexpression of “hid” in Hml-positive cells (Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/UAS-hid) leads to efficient killing of blood cells. (b) Control (Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP) larvae depicting blood cells (Hml, green), (c) Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/UAS-hid larvae show lack of GFP expression. (d–e′′′) Blood cell characterization in (d-d′′′) control and (e–e′′′) Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/UAS-hid larvae reveals reduction in total blood cell numbers, but this does not lead to a complete loss in blood cells as evident from (d,e) DAPI, (d′,e′) Hml expression (Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP), and (d″,e″) Phalloidin stainings. (d′′′,e′′′) Merge of all the channels. (f) Graphical representation of total and Hml⁺ blood cells in control, Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP, and Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/UAS-hid larvae. Control (Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/+) total number of blood cells/mm² (n = 16, 409.8 ± 149.4) and Hml-GFP positive cells/mm² (n = 16, 328.8 ± 108.8). Hml^Δ >UAS-GFP/UAS-hid show significantly less number of total blood cells/mm² (n = 16,148.3 ± 50.04, ***p-value = 0.0003, in comparison with control total blood cells) and less Hml-GFP-positive cells (n = 16, 13.11 ± 4.0, ***p-value <0.0001 in comparison with control Hml⁺ cells). (g–k) Blood cell ablation affects adult growth. (g–h′) Representative images showing adult size defect. In comparison with (g,g′) control adult (Hml^Δ >/+) (g) female and (g′) male fly, (h, h′) Hml^Δ >/UAS-hid (h) female and (h′) male adult flies are smaller in size. (i–j′) This growth defect is also shown seen in wing span areas. Representative adult wings from (i,i′) controls (Hml^Δ >/+) and (j,j′) Hml^Δ >/UAS-hid adults. (k) Quantification of wingspan areas. Hml^Δ >/+ (female n = 100, 1.42 ± 0.03, male n = 1.00, 1.1 ± 0.08) and Hml^Δ >/UAS-hid (female n = 100, 1.04 ± 0.03 (***p-value < 0.0001), male n = 100, 0.74 ± 0.07 (***p-value < 0.0001).