Table 4.

Themes from Open-Ended Comments

Gender identity	Reaction	Reason	Exemplar quotes
Woman	Positive	Gender	Very rarely, I have been treated with less respect as a woman
Woman	Positive	Nongender related	I feel that I have advantages because I am well educated, have frequently been deferred to because of my height even if that situation would not call for that (being the medical student with an attending who is smaller than me and the patient asks me a question). I know that society gives white people advantages that I probably am not fully aware of. But also my education and thus communication skills allow me other advantages
			As a physician, I am generally treated with more respect/deference than nonmedical professionals I work with closely. Within a medical hierarchy, however, there are occasions that my role is perceived to be less important (“social medicine”)
	Negative	Gender (men are generally treated better)	I feel there is systematic gender discrimination in [my state], and my workplace is no different
		Gender (women receive less credit)	Opinions discounted because I'm female
		Gender (women hold less authority)	Even though I am in position of authority I feel like people often bypass me and go to the men in the division for support, advice, etc
		Gender (women have fewer opportunities for advancement and compensation)	Women have fewer advancement opportunities, make somewhat less money
		Gender (women have child-rearing responsibilities)	Opportunities for certain types of work are not available due to me prioritizing my family when I'm at home
	Negative	Nongender related	Most likely to experience lack of courtesy and disrespect from patients/families in the work setting
			[my state's] culture does not feel very inclusive. If you move here as an outsider, it is still hard to feel a part of the community
			Because I am a junior faculty, I am not free as much to express my opinions or my opinions are not weighted as seriously
	Neither positive nor negative	Gender	As a female pulmonary/critical care physician, I experience some assumptions that seem to be made because of my gender. Patients often assume that I am a nurse, which I actually do not find to be offensive. Other health care professionals/staff treat female physicians differently from male physicians. It is debatable whether this is a bad or good thing, however; often this seems to result in a lower power distance index and greater communication, as other staff seem less intimidated, and more willing to question medical decisions/orders because I am female
		Nongender related	These events happen so infrequently, it is difficult to explain why
Man	Positive	Gender	…I don't think I experience this much as I am a white male
			I clearly have privilege as a white male doctor over the women and minorities [I] work with
	Positive	Nongender related	I essentially never feel that I am discriminated against in [my state]
			With advancing age I seem to get more respect from others
			Just a best guess but other than a few extremely wealthy people, this is not an issue for me and I know I am fortunate in this regard
	Negative	Gender	Sometimes women seem to be hesitant/cautious of a male in an isolated setting (e.g., on a trail). this is totally understandable
	Negative	Nongender related	Psychiatrists are not well-respected physicians
			I think overweight people are looked at as being that way because they are lazy, lack self-control, or a combination of other things
			Sometimes I think I am treated differently in this community because I am not [part of the dominant religion]
			People will infrequently be rude or hurtful, but I usually view that as a being based on the other person behaving improperly, and not being a direct result of my own identity or physical attributes
			Sometimes my faith has been the subject of negative comments by others
	Neither positive nor negative	Gender	I am a tall, white, educated, middle-aged, male physician in some positions of authority with progressive/liberal viewpoints
		Nongender related	My age, dress, and youthful looking appearance
			Having a large family