Table 4.

Results of linear mixed effects models of the amounts of excretion of the isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) on systolic blood pressure and the influence of serum calcium levels in 166 premenopausal women

	Model 1a,b	Model 2a,b	Model 3a,b		Model 4a,b
Effect	Isoflavones	Isoflavones, Calcium	Isoflavones, Calcium, Isoflavones×Calcium		Model 3, Age at entry, Race, BMI
Daidzein Exposure
Daidzein (DE)	0.371 (0.689)c	0.250 (0.697)c	0.352 (0.697)c	0.245 (0.680)c
	0.59d	0.72d	0.61d	0.72d
Calcium	-e	0.814 (0.896)	0.889 (0.895)	1.349 (0.878)
	-	0.36	0.32	0.13
DE×Calcium	-	-	−3.099 (1.459)		−3.362 (1.439)
	-	-	0.034		0.020
Genistein Exposure
Genistein (GE)	0.206 (2.323)	−0.041 (2.332)	−0.098 (2.324)		−0.686 (2.270)
	0.93	0.99	0.97		0.76
Calcium	-	0.855 (0.894)	0.999 (0.892)		1.468 (0.876)
	-	0.34	0.26		0.09
GE×Calcium	-	-	−12.859 (4.933)		−13.627 (4.863)
	-	-	0.009		0.005
Sum Exposure
DE + GE	0.244 (0.546)	0.154 (0.551)	0.213 (0.550)		0.113 (0.537)
	0.66	0.78	0.70		0.83
Calcium	-	0.823 (0.896)	0.918 (0.894)		1.382 (0.878)
	-	0.36	0.31		0.12
(DE + GE)×Calcium	-	-	−2.635 (1.154)		−2.841 (1.138)
	-	-	0.023		0.013
Difference Exposure
DE – GE	0.606 (0.902)	0.437 (0.914)	0.612 (0.918)		0.520 (0.895)
	0.50	0.63	0.51		0.56
Calcium	-	0.801 (0.896)	0.844 (0.895)		1.296 (0.878)
	-	0.37	0.35		0.14
(DE – GE)×Caclium	-	-	−3.466 (1.922)		−3.810 (1.897)
	-	-	0.07		0.045

^aIsoflavone effects included mean-centered daidzein excretion (DE), genistein excretion (GE), sum excretion (DE + GE), or difference excretion (DE – GE), serum calcium and the interaction term of isoflavone and calcium. Consult footnote of Table 3 for means used to center data.

^bModels 1–4 included days on supplement of isoflavones, but results of effects of days on supplements, age at entry to the study, race, and BMI are not shown.

^cEstimate of regression coefficient, β, and corresponding standard error (SE) for effect indicated.

^dP value for the significance of the effect indicated.

^eEffect (variable) not studied in models.