Table 5.
Mean monthly confirmed malaria case incidence from the routine health information system
| Exposure group | Monthly confirmed malaria case incidence rate per 1,000 catchment population | Adjusted difference-in-differences incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-intervention period (January–May 2013 and 2014) | Post-intervention period (January–May 2015) after rounds 1–2 | Post-intervention period (January–May 2016) after rounds 3–4 | Post-intervention period (January–May 2015 and 2016 pooled) after all four rounds | Pre-intervention vs. post-intervention 2015 after rounds 1–2 | Pre-intervention vs. post-intervention 2016 after rounds 3–4 | Pre-intervention vs. post-intervention 2015–2016 after all four rounds | |
| Lower transmission strata | |||||||
| MDA | 17.79 | 3.89 | 2.99 | 3.43 | 0.59 (0.44–0.78)* | 0.71 (0.49–1.04) | 0.63 (0.49–0.80)* |
| fMDA | 19.25 | 7.97 | 4.22 | 6.06 | 0.90 (0.70–1.15) | 1.08 (0.77–1.52) | 0.96 (0.77–1.19) |
| Control | 24.33 | 8.32 | 5.27 | 6.80 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Higher transmission strata | |||||||
| MDA | 59.20 | 15.24 | 7.24 | 11.18 | 0.92 (0.73–1.15) | 1.03 (0.72–1.47) | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) |
| fMDA | 44.17 | 26.69 | 12.74 | 19.62 | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) | 1.20 (0.84–1.70) | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) |
| Control | 78.90 | 47.35 | 8.25 | 27.50 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
fMDA = focal MDA; MDA = mass drug administration. Negative binomial model with random effect included at the health facility catchment area level, controlling for monthly total rainfall, EVI, and previous month’s case counts.
*
P < 0.05.