Table 2.
Literature search results
| Author and year of publication | Title | Time of data collection | Intervention or exposure | Sample size | Age distribution | Study design | Main outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Udugama B, March 30, 2020 | Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Review article | Review of the diagnostic and surveillance technologies available for COVID-19 |
| Abeler J, | COVID-19 Contact Tracing and Data Protection Can Go Together | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Descriptive | Described a contact tracing technology that processes minimum user data in order to protect privacy. |
| Yasaka TM, | Peer-to-Peer Contact Tracing: Development of a Privacy-Preserving Smartphone App | N/A | Transmission graph data structure to represent the interactions between individuals. | N/A | N/A | Descriptive | Developed a contact tracing smartphone app that respects user privacy by not collecting location information or other personal data. |
| Zamberg I, | A Mobile Health Platform to Disseminate Validated Institutional Measurements During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Utilization-Focused Evaluation Study | February 25th to March 13th, 2020 | Mobile app named “Head to Toe” for dissemination of institutional knowledge. | 125 healthcare professionals | N/A | Observational study | The use of an mHealth application was an effective tool with benefits of quick communication and daily updates during the COVID-19 outbreak in their hospital setup. |
| David Siu, Hong kong University. | Using Biovitals® Sentinel to Monitor Disease Progression in Subjects Quarantined for Suspected COVID-19 | April 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. | BIOVITALS platform- Armband+ remote monitoring + analytic platform | 200 (estimated) | N/A | Randomised trial |
Primary outcomes: Time to diagnosis using RT-PCR, and time from quarantine to diagnosis. This technology can be used to remotely monitor COVID-19 patients |
| Maghdid H. | A Smartphone enabled Approach to Manage COVID-19 Lockdown and Economic Crisis | N/A | Grey literature | N/A | N/A | Descriptive | Developed a smartphone-based approach to trace the contacts for confirmed COVID-19 cases. Also created a dashboard to provide a plan for government officials on how lockdown/mass quarantine can be safely lifted. |
| Lu N. | Weathering COVID-19 Storm: Successful Control Measures of Five Asian Countries | N/A | N/A | 5 countries considered- China, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan. | N/A | Descriptive | Described the successful control measures employed by China, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Japan. Smartphone apps were used successfully by Singapore and South Korea mainly for contact tracing, alerts and self-symptom checks. |
| Whiting P | Accuracy of self-monitoring heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation in patients with symptoms suggestive of COVID infection. | April 1, 2020 | N/A | One systematic review (n = 381) and three studies (n = 108, 101, 30) | N/A | Systematic review | Identifies the best apps for HR or BP measurement in COVID-19 patients. |
| Drew D. | Rapid implementation of mobile technology for real-time epidemiology of COVID-19 | N/A | COVID-19 Symptom Tracker mobile application | 1,234,918 | Mean age = 41 (Range = 18–90 years) | Observational study | Developed a COVID-19 Symptom Tracker mobile application that was launched in the UK and the USA. This mobile application offers data on risk factors, herald symptoms, clinical outcomes, and geographical hot spots. Provided proof- of- concept for this approach. |
| Yang T. | Point-of-Care RNA-Based Diagnostic Device for COVID-19 | N/A | Diagnostic device for COVID-19 based on RNA combining paper based and LAMP assay technology that can be performed at home. | N/A | N/A | Descriptive | Proposed a combination of a paper-based POC diagnostic device and LAMP assay technology to allow home-based self-testing. A smartphone application will be used to facilitate test results recording/sharing with health professionals. |