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. 2020 Aug 10;10:13466. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70311-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Osmotic preconditioning renders C. elegans dauers resistant to harsh desiccation. (A) Schematic diagram illustrating exposure of osmotic and chamber preconditioned dauers to harsh desiccation. (B) Osmotic and chamber preconditioned daf-2(e1370) dauers lose similar amounts of water. Error bars indicate standard deviation of three biological replicates. Unpaired two-tailed t test with Welch correction, n.s. p > 0.05. (C) Osmotic preconditioning enhances survival of daf-2(e1370) dauers to harsh desiccation. For water n = 2,758, ChaP n = 2,588, 0.3 M PEG1000 n = 2,488, OsP n = 4,113. Error bars indicate standard deviation of three independent experiments with two technical replicates. Statistical comparison was performed with one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001. (D) Osmotic preconditioned daf-2(e1370) dauers have reduced heat flow (heat dissipation per unit time) in contrast to non-preconditioned dauers. Error bars indicate standard deviation of three biological replicates with four technical replicates performed on two different days. Statistical comparison was performed with unpaired two-tailed t test with Welch correction. *p < 0.05.