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. 2020 Aug 10;11:3988. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17775-4

Fig. 1. The hydrogel actuator and its light-induced jumping and rolling motion in-air.

Fig. 1

a The fabrication process of the hydrogel actuator. b Schematic illustrating the hydrogel actuator. c Schematic showing the internal structure of the hydrogel actuator. d The typical CCD image of the resulting hydrogel actuator. e SEM image indicating the surface morphology of the hydrogel actuator, and f the corresponding EDX analysis for the iron element. g The FTIR spectra of the PAANa hydrogel (blue curve), IONPs (yellow curve) and the hydrogel actuator consisting of both PAANa hydrogel and IONPs (pink curve), respectively. The schematics, overlaid CCD images and the take-off velocity showing h–j jumping (under 2.34 W irradiation) and k–m rolling (under 0.67 W irradiation) behavior of the hydrogel actuator. (i) and (l) are obtained from Supplementary Video 1 and 2, respectively. For jumping and rolling, light is applied at the bottom part or the side of the hydrogel actuator (the red area in (h) and (k)), respectively.