Table 9.
Acute toxicity in experimental animals: non‐oral administration of glycoalkaloids (GAs) (α‐tomatine, α‐solamargine) from edible parts of S. lycopersicum or S. melongena
| Substance (purity) | Species (sex) Dose route | Observed effects | Highest dose with no effect (mg/kg bw) | Lowest dose with effect (mg/kg bw) | LD50 (mg/kg bw) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α‐Tomatineb | Mice (sex n.r) i.v. | Lethality | 18 | Wilson et al. (1961) | ||
| α‐Tomatinea | Swiss‐Webster mice (M) i.p. | Lethality | 32.4 | Nishie et al. (1975) | ||
| α‐Tomatineb | Mice (sex n.r) i.p. | Lethality | 25 | Sackmann et al. (1959) | ||
| α‐Tomatineb | Mice (sex n.r) s.c. | Lethality | > 1,000 | Sackmann et al. (1959) | ||
| α‐Tomatinea | White New Zealand rabbits (sex n.r.) i.p. | – | 100 | Nishie et al. (1975) | ||
| α‐Solamarginec | Wistar rats (M) i.p. | Lethality | 42 | Al Chami et al. (2003) |
M: male. n.r.: not reported.
a
Chemical standard obtained from a commercial supplier, may contain α‐dehydrotomatine as an impurity.
b
Chemical standard obtained by in‐house isolation from plant material, may contain α‐dehydrotomatine as an impurity.
c
Poorly characterised chemical standard (e. g. purity or composition not defined).