Table E.1.

Inhibition of cholinesterases by GAs

Compound	Species	AChE		BuChE		Citation
		Dose	% inhibition	Dose	% inhibition
α‐Solanine	Bovine erythrocyte	5 μM	27.7			Roddick (1989)
α‐Solanine	Bovine erythrocyte	10 μM	44.3
α‐Chaconine	Bovine erythrocyte	5 μM	25.9
α‐Chaconine	Bovine erythrocyte	10 μM	54.4
α‐Solanine + α‐chaconine	Bovine erythrocyte	5+5 μM	37.3
α‐Solasonine	Bovine erythrocyte	50 μM	–12
α‐Solasonine	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	16.7
α‐Solamargine	Bovine erythrocyte	50 μM	–3.6
α‐Solamargine	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	13
Solanindine (0 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	11.1			Roddick (1989)
Solanidine (1 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	5.7
Solanidine (2 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	2.0
Solanidine (0 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–6.2
Solanidine (1 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	3.6
Solanidine (2 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	14.1
Tomatidine (0 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	15.6
Tomatidine (1 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	–7.7
Tomatidine (2 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	–4.5
Tomatidine (0 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–13.8
Tomatidine (1 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–13.8
Tomatidine (2 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–10.6
Solasodine (0 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	8.9
Solasodine (1 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	–15
Solasodine (2 h)	Bovine erythrocyte	100 μM	–1.5
Solasodine (0 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–8.3
Solasodine (1 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	–2.4
Solasodine (2 h)	Human erythrocyte	100 μM	0.6
α‐Chaconine	Eel	33.8 ppm (39.6 μM)	26.8			Bushway et al. (1987)
β‐Chaconine	Eel	33.8 ppm (40 μM)	23.3
α‐Solanine	Eel	33.4 ppm (38.5 μM)	26.3
Dehydrocommersonine	Eel	33.7 ppm (32.2 μM)	18.5
Commersonine	Eel	34.5 ppm (32.9 μM)	20.2
Demissine	Eel	34.3 ppm (33.6 μM)	21.6
α‐Tomatine	Eel	34 ppm (32.8 μM)	4.2
Solanidine	Eel	33.8 ppm (85.1 μM)	15.4
Demissidine	Eel	40 ppm (100 μM)	11.3
Tomatidine	Eel	41.3 ppm (99.5 μM)	4.2
Potato peel	Human serum (unusual phenotype)	(85 g potato peel extracted by 300 mL water)	77–83			Harris and Whittaker (1959)
Potato peel	Human serum (intermediate phenotype)	(85 g potato peel extracted by 300 mL water)	53–67
Potato peel	Human serum (atypical phenotype)	(85 g potato peel extracted by 300 mL water)	16–24
α‐Solanine	Human serum (unusual phenotype)	2.88 μM	86.2			Harris and Whittaker (1962)
α‐Solanine	Human serum (intermediate phenotype)	2.88 μM	65.8
α‐Solanine	Human serum (atypical phenotype)	2.88 μM	21
Solanidine	Human serum (unusual phenotype)	3.14 μM	80
Solanidine	Human serum (intermediate phenotype)	3.14 μM	53.2
Solanidine	Human serum (atypical phenotype)	3.14 μM	0.8
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 1	100 μM	0			Alozie et al. (1978)
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 2	100 μM	0
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 3	100 μM	78.5
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 4	100 μM	81.7
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 5	100 μM	90
α‐Chaconine	Rat plasma isoenzyme 6	100 μM	100
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 1	100 μM	0
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 2	100 μM	42
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 3	100 μM	42
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 4	100 μM	100
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 5	100 μM	100
α‐Chaconine	Rat erythrocyte isoenzyme 6	100 μM	100
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 1	100 μM	23
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 2	100 μM	27.1
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 3	100 μM	15.6
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 4	100 μM	19.5
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 5	100 μM	67.3
α‐Chaconine	Rat brain isoenzyme 6	100 μM	100
α‐Chaconine	Human purified	100 μM	67.3	100 μM	92.8	McGehee et al. (2000)
α‐Solanine	Human purified	100 μM	76.8	100 μM	91.5
α‐Chaconine (0/10/30 min)	Human serum			2.88 μM	68.3/70.2/67.3	Nigg et al. (1996)
α‐Solanine (0/10/30 min)	Human serum			2.88 μM	50/50/50

Note: In older papers, e.g. Orgell (1963), existence of BuChE was not known, data were reported as AChE activity with no discrimination made.