Table 5.
Nuclear angiotensin receptors.
| Receptor | Biological response | Cell/tissue | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT1R | Chronic neuromodulatory actions of Ang II (↑ NET transcription) |
Hypothalamic and brainstem primary rat neurons |
Lu et al., 1998 |
| ↑ nuclear Ca2+ levels |
Human vascular smooth muscle cells |
Bkaily et al., 2003 | |
| Not determined | HEK transfected cells | Lee et al., 2004 | |
| ↑ reactive oxygen species production | Rat renal cortex nucleus | Pendergrass et al., 2009 | |
| Not determined | Rat vascular smooth muscle cell line | Cook et al., 2006 | |
| ↑ nuclear calcium levels | Fetal human endocardial endothelial cells | Jacques et al., 2003 | |
| Not determined | Rat renal cortex from control and Ang II-infused rats | Licea et al., 2002 | |
| ↑ cyclooxygenase 2 transcription | HEK transfected cells | Morinelli et al., 2007 | |
| ↑ nuclear Ca2+ levels | Rat ventricular cardiomyocytes | Tadevosyan et al., 2010 | |
| ↑TGF-beta1, MCP-1, and NHE-3 mRNAs | Rat renal cortical cells | Li and Zhuo, 2008 | |
| Not determined | Rat liver | Re et al., 1984; Tang et al., 1992; Jimenez et al., 1994 | |
|
↑ nuclear IP3 and Ca2+ levels ↑ collagen‐1A1 mRNA |
Canine atrial fibroblasts | Tadevosyan et al., 2017 | |
| Overexpression of fibronectin ↑ cell proliferation |
Human mesangial cells | da Silva Novaes et al., 2018 | |
|
↑ AT2R, angiotensinogen, renin, and prorenin/renin receptor mRNA ↑ NOX4/superoxide ↑ IP3/Ca2+ levels ↑ PGC-1α ↑ IGF-1 |
Dopaminergic neurons | Villar-Cheda et al., 2017 | |
| AT2R | Not determined | Fetal human endocardial endothelial cells | Jacques et al., 2003 |
| ↑ NO generation | Dopaminergic neurons | Villar-Cheda et al., 2017 | |
| MasR | Not determined | Brainstem neuronal culture from normotensive and SHR rats | Cerniello et al., 2019 |
| ↑ NO generation | Kidneys of young adult sheep | Gwathmey et al., 2010 | |
|
↑ NO generation Counteraction of the increased Ang II-derived nuclear superoxide generation ↓ mRNA for AT2Rs |
Rat substantia nigra | Costa-Besada et al., 2018 |
IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; MCP-1, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1; NHE-3, sodium and hydrogen exchanger-3; NET, norepinephrine transporter; NO, nitric oxide; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; TGF-beta1, transforming growth factor-beta1.