Fig. 3.

Exposure of J774A.1 cells to HOCl increases the expression of antioxidant genes. J774A.1 cells (0.5 × 10⁶ cells) were treated with HOCl (50, 100 μM; red bars), HOSCN (100, 200 μM; blue bars), 100 μM HOCl with SCN⁻ (50, 200 μM; orange bars), and SCN⁻ (50, 200 μM; green bars) for 1 h at 37 °C before re-incubation in cell media for 24 h. Expression of antioxidant genes, TXNIP (A), HMOX1 (B), SOD2 (C), GPx1 (D) and GSTP1 (E) was measured using qPCR. The data are expressed as the fold change compared to the non-treated control group following normalization to the housekeeping genes TBP and 18s. *, **. *** and **** show a significant difference (p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively) compared to non-treated control groups, by 1-way ANOVA with a Dunnett's multiple comparison test. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)