Fig. 8.

Modelled depth dependence of the rate constant k_tot of photoinactivation of MS2 coliphage and poliovirus in a water body with the same optical properties and exogenous photosensitiser concentrations as observed in a simulated open water wetland.¹⁸³ The term “clear water” indicates that k_tot was computed assuming water at the surface with no light attenuation or sensitisation by coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM). k_endo and k_exo are the first-order rate constants for direct and indirect photoinactivation, respectively. The circles in the right panel represent k_tot and include both direct (green) and indirect (brown) photoinactivation (k_tot = k_endo + k_exo). The abbreviations “endo” and “exo” refer to the light-absorbing compounds, i.e., biological molecules inside the viruses and CDOM outside the viruses, respectively (reproduced with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry from Fig. 10 of ref. 183).