Table 2.
Confirmatory factor analyses results.
| Items |
Loading |
Alpha |
CR |
AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Task-oriented coping | ||||
| Active coping | .89 | .90 | .68 | |
| AC1: I take additional action to try to get rid of the problem. | .80 | |||
| AC2: I concentrate my efforts on doing something about it. | .84 | |||
| AC3: I do what has be done, one step at a time. | .79 | |||
| AC4: I take direct action to get around the problem. | .87 | |||
| Planning | .95 | .95 | .82 | |
| P1: I try to come up with a strategy about what to do. | .89 | |||
| P2: I make a plan of action. | .90 | |||
| P3: I think hard about what steps to take. | .94 | |||
| P4: I think about how I might best handle the problem. | .89 | |||
| Emotion-oriented coping | ||||
| Seeking social support for instrumental reasons | .93 | .93 | .82 | |
| SSI1: I try to get advice from someone about what to do. | .90 | |||
| SSI2: I talk to someone to find out more about the situation. | .94 | |||
| SSI3: I talk to someone who could do something concrete about the problem. | .88 | |||
| Seeking social support for emotional reasons | .93 | .94 | .84 | |
| SSE1: I talk to someone about how I feel. | .85 | |||
| SSE2: I try to get emotional support from friends or relatives. I discuss my feelings with someone. | .95 | |||
| SSE3: I get sympathy and understanding from someone. | .94 | |||
| Positive reinterpretation & growth | .96 | .96 | .87 | |
| PR1: I look for something good in what is happening. | .88 | |||
| PR2: I try to see it in a different light, to make it seem more positive. | .92 | |||
| PR3: I learn something from the experience. | .97 | |||
| PR4: I try to grow as a person as a result of the experience. | .95 | |||
| Avoidance-oriented coping | ||||
| Behavioural disengagement | .94 | .94 | .80 | |
| BD1: I give up the attempt to get what I want. | .85 | |||
| BD2: I just give up trying to reach my goal. | .91 | |||
| BD3: I admit to myself that I can't deal with it, and quit trying. | .90 | |||
| BD4: I reduce the amount of effort I'm putting into solving the problem | .92 | |||
| Mental disengagement | .87 | .88 | .64 | |
| MD1: I turn to work or other substitute activities to take my mind off things. | .73 | |||
| MD2: I go to movies or watch TV, to think about it less. | .86 | |||
| MD3: I daydream about things other than this | .84 | |||
| MD4: I sleep more than usual. | .76 | |||
| Alcohol-drug disengagement | .98 | .98 | .94 | |
| AD1: I drink alcohol, in order to think about it less. | .94 | |||
| AD2: I drink more alcohol, in order to think about it less. | .95 | |||
| AD3: I smoke in order to think about it less. | .99 | |||
| AD4: I smoke more in order to think about it less. | .99 | |||
| EI | ||||
| Self-emotion appraisal | .93 | .94 | .78 | |
| I have a good sense of why I have certain feelings most of the time. | .81 | |||
| I have good understanding of my own emotions. | .91 | |||
| I really understand what I feel. | .94 | |||
| I always know whether or not I am happy. | .87 | |||
| Others' emotion appraisal | .93 | .93 | .78 | |
| I always know my friends' emotions from their behaviours. | .87 | |||
| I am a good observer of others' emotions. | .91 | |||
| I am sensitive to the feelings and emotions of others. | .87 | |||
| I have good understanding of the emotions of people around me. | .87 | |||
| Use of emotion | .94 | .94 | .80 | |
| I always set goals for myself and then try my best to achieve them. | .88 | |||
| I always tell myself I am a competent person. | .86 | |||
| I am a self-motivated person. | .93 | |||
| I would always encourage myself to try my best. | .91 | |||
| Regulation of emotion | .95 | .95 | .84 | |
| I am able to control my temper and handle difficulties rationally. | .93 | |||
| I am quite capable of controlling my own emotions. | .95 | |||
| I can always calm down quickly when I am very angry. | .87 | |||
| I have good control of my own emotions. | .92 | |||