Table 1.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors associated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (n = 243)
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P‐value | HR (95% CI) | P‐value | |
| Age (<65 y/≥65 y) | 1.082 (0.792‐1.489) | 0.615 | ||
| Gender (female/male) | 0.894 (0.654‐1.223) | 0.484 | ||
| Histological tumor necrosis (absence/presence) | 2.175 (1.576‐3.001) | <0.0001 | 1.895 (1.361‐2.637) | 0.0002 |
| Pathologic tumor status (T1 + T2/T3 + T4) | 1.467 (1.076‐2.001) | 0.015 | ||
| Pathologic node status (N0/N1 + N2) | 1.913 (1.257‐2.911) | 0.003 | ||
| Pathologic metastasis status (M0/M1) | 2.562 (1.637‐4.011) | <0.0001 | 2.097 (1.329‐3.308) | 0.002 |
| Histological grade (G1/G2 + G3) | 1.434 (1.005‐2.047) | 0.047 | ||
| Tumor margin status (negative/ positive) | 1.256 (0.904‐1.744) | 0.174 | ||
| Nerve plexus invasion (absence/presence) a | 1.374 (0.976‐1.934) | 0.068 | ||
| Lymphatic invasion (0, 1/2, 3) a | 2.086 (1.454‐2.991) | <0.0001 | 1.743 (1.183‐2.570) | 0.005 |
| Venous invasion (0, 1/2, 3) a | 1.714 (1.241‐2.369) | 0.001 | 1.484 (1.050‐2.097) | 0.025 |
| Intrapancreatic neural invasion (0, 1/ 2, 3) a | 1.589 (1.155‐2.185) | 0.004 | ||
| HLA Class I antigen expression (−, +/++, +++) | 1.621 (1.162‐2.261) | 0.005 | 1.527 (1.086‐2.146) | 0.015 |
a
Classified according to the classification of pancreatic carcinoma of Japan Pancreas Society. CI, confidence interval; HLA, human leukocyte antigen class I antigens; HR, hazard ratio. Bold letters indicate significant values.