Table 1.
Characteristics of demographic and clinical variables.
| HC (n = 57) | GAD (n = 72) | Statistics | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | ||||
| Age (years) | 40.91 ± 15.62 | 39.04 ± 11.82 | U = 1933 | 0.57a |
| Gender (male/female) | 27/30 | 31/41 | χ2 = 0.24 | 0.62b |
| Handedness (left/right) | 3/54 | 1/71 | χ2 = 1.59 | 0.21b |
| Education (years) | 13.04 ± 3.13 | 12.36 ± 3.45 | U = 1687 | 0.08a |
| Duration of illness (months) | – | 54.72 ± 58.34 | – | – |
| Age of first onset (years) | – | 34.44 ± 11.81 | – | – |
| No. of anxiety episodes | – | 2.32 ± 1.25 | – | – |
| Duration of single anxiety episode | – | 5.97 ± 5.76 | – | – |
| HAMA score | – | 24.40 ± 5.42 | – | – |
| Medical information | ||||
| Total medication load index | – | 1.67 ± 0.69 | – | – |
| Medications, No. of patients | ||||
| SSRIs | ||||
| Fluoxetine | 1 | |||
| Sertraline | 9 | |||
| Paroxetine | 20 | |||
| Escitalopram | 13 | |||
| SNRIs | ||||
| Venlafaxine | 6 | |||
| Duloxetine | 12 | |||
| NaSSRI | ||||
| Mirtazapine | 1 | |||
| Mixed | ||||
| Paroxetine + Antipsychotic (Olanzapine) | 1 | |||
| Paroxetine + Antipsychotic (Aripiprazole) | 1 | |||
| Duloxetine + Antipsychotic (Olanzapine) | 1 | |||
| Duloxetine + Antipsychotic (Quetiapine) | 1 | |||
SSRIs, SNRIs, and NaSSRI are medications that are commonly used for anxiolytic treatment. HC healthy control, GAD generalized anxiety disorder, HAMA 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, NaSSRI norepinephrine and selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors.
Values are mean ± standard deviation.
aMann–Whitney U-test.
bChi–square test.